CVE-2023-37897: Server-side Template Injection (SSTI) in grav

First published: Tue Jul 18 2023(Updated: )

### Summary The fix for SSTI using `|map`, `|filter` and `|reduce` twigs implemented in the commit [71bbed1](https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/71bbed12f950de8335006d7f91112263d8504f1b) introduces bypass of the denylist due to incorrect return value from `isDangerousFunction()`, which allows to execute the payload prepending double backslash (`\\`) ### Details The `isDangerousFunction()` check in version 1.7.42 and onwards retuns `false` value instead of `true` when the `\` symbol is found in the `$name`. ```php ... if (strpos($name, "\\") !== false) { return false; } if (in_array($name, $commandExecutionFunctions)) { return true; } ... ``` Based on the code where the function is used, it is expected that any dangerous condition would return `true` ```php /** * @param Environment $env * @param array $array * @param callable|string $arrow * @return array|CallbackFilterIterator * @throws RuntimeError */ function mapFunc(Environment $env, $array, $arrow) { if (!$arrow instanceof \Closure && !is_string($arrow) || Utils::isDangerousFunction($arrow)) { throw new RuntimeError('Twig |map("' . $arrow . '") is not allowed.'); } ``` when `|map('\system')` is used in the malicious payload, the single backslash is dropped prior to reaching `strpos($name, '\\')` check, thus `$name` variable already has no backslash, and the command is blacklisted because it reaches the `if (in_array($name, $commandExecutionFunctions)) {` validation step. However if `|map('\\system')` is used (i.e. double backslash), then the `strpos($name, "\\") !== false` takes effect, and `isDangerousFunction()` returns `false` , in which case the `RuntimeError` is not generated, and blacklist is bypassed leading to code execution. ### Exploit Conditions This vulnerability can be exploited if the attacker has access to: 1. an Administrator account, or 2. a non-administrator, user account that has Admin panel access and Create/Update page permissions ### Steps to reproduce 1. Log in to Grav Admin using an administrator account. 2. Navigate to `Accounts > Add`, and ensure that the following permissions are assigned when creating a new low-privileged user: - Login to Admin - Allowed - Page Update - Allowed 3. Log out of Grav Admin 4. Login using the account created in step 2. 5. Choose `Pages -> Home` 6. Click the `Advanced` tab and select the checkbox beside `Twig` to ensure that Twig processing is enabled for the modified webpage. 7. Under the `Content` tab, insert the following payload within the editor: ```{{ ['id'] | map('\\system') | join() }}``` 8. Click the `Preview` button. Observe that the output of the id shell command is returned in the preview. ### Mitigation ```diff diff --git a/system/src/Grav/Common/Utils.php b/system/src/Grav/Common/Utils.php index 2f121bbe3..7b267cd0f 100644 --- a/system/src/Grav/Common/Utils.php +++ b/system/src/Grav/Common/Utils.php @@ -2069,7 +2069,7 @@ abstract class Utils } if (strpos($name, "\\") !== false) { - return false; + return true; } if (in_array($name, $commandExecutionFunctions)) { ```

Credit: security-advisories@github.com security-advisories@github.com security-advisories@github.com

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• collector/nvd-latest
• collector/nvd-index
• collector/nvd-cve
• collector/github-advisory-latest
• alias/GHSA-9436-3gmp-4f53
• alias/CVE-2023-37897
• collector/github-advisory
• agent/weakness
• agent/type
• agent/softwarecombine
• collector/nvd-api
• agent/software-canonical-lookup-request
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• vendor/getgrav
• canonical/getgrav grav
• version/getgrav grav/1.7.42
• version/getgrav grav/1.7.42.1
• package-manager/composer