CVE-2023-54086: bpf: Add preempt_count_{sub,add} into btf id deny list

Published Dec 24, 2025
·
Updated

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bpf: Add preemptcount{sub,add} into btf id deny list

The recursion check in bpfprogenter and bpfprogexit leave preemptcount{sub,add} unprotected. When attaching trampoline to them we get panic as follows,

[ 867.843050] BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit at 0000000009d325cf (stack is 0000000046a46a15..00000000537e7b28) [ 867.843064] stack guard page: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI [ 867.843067] CPU: 8 PID: 11009 Comm: trace Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.2.0+ #4 [ 867.843100] Call Trace: [ 867.843101] <TASK> [ 867.843104] asmexcint3+0x3a/0x40 [ 867.843108] RIP: 0010:preemptcountsub+0x1/0xa0 [ 867.843135] bpfprogenterrecur+0x17/0x90 [ 867.843148] bpftrampoline64424681080+0x2e/0x1000 [ 867.843154] ? preemptcountsub+0x1/0xa0 [ 867.843157] preemptcountsub+0x5/0xa0 [ 867.843159] ? migrateenable+0xac/0xf0 [ 867.843164] bpfprogexitrecur+0x2d/0x40 [ 867.843168] bpftrampoline64424681080+0x55/0x1000 ... [ 867.843788] preemptcountsub+0x5/0xa0 [ 867.843793] ? migrateenable+0xac/0xf0 [ 867.843829] bpfprogexitrecur+0x2d/0x40 [ 867.843837] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 0000000099bd8228 (stack is 00000000b23e2bc4..000000006d95af35) [ 867.843841] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 000000005ae07924 (stack is 00000000ffd69623..0000000014eb594c) [ 867.843843] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 00000000028320f0 (stack is 00000000034b6438..0000000078d1bcec) [ 867.843842] bpftrampoline64424681080+0x55/0x1000 ...

That is because in bpfprogexitrecur, the preemptcount{sub,add} are called after prog->active is decreased.

Fixing this by adding these two functions into btf ids deny list.

Affected Software

120 affected componentsFixes available
Linux Foundation Linux Kernel>=6.2.0
ubuntu/linux-hwe-edge*
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.0*
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.3*
ubuntu/linux-azure*
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.3*
ubuntu/linux-azure-edge*
ubuntu/linux-gcp*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.3*
ubuntu/linux-gke-4.15*
ubuntu/linux-gke-5.4*
ubuntu/linux-gkeop-5.4*
ubuntu/linux-hwe*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-edge*
ubuntu/linux-oem*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.0*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.3*
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.15<5.15.0-1044.49~20.04.1
5.15.0-1044.49~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.15<5.15.0-1046.53~20.04.1
5.15.0-1046.53~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.15<5.15.0-1041.49~20.04.1
5.15.0-1041.49~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.15<5.15.0-83.92~20.04.1
5.15.0-83.92~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-ibm-5.15<5.15.0-1037.40~20.04.1
5.15.0-1037.40~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg-5.15<5.15.0-1040.46~20.04.1
5.15.0-1040.46~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15<5.15.0-83.92~20.04.1
5.15.0-83.92~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15<5.15.0-1017.17~20.04.1
5.15.0-1017.17~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.15<5.15.0-1042.48~20.04.1
5.15.0-1042.48~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.15<5.15.0-1040.44~20.04.3
5.15.0-1040.44~20.04.3
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.8*
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.8*
ubuntu/linux-azure-fde*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.8*
ubuntu/linux-gke*
ubuntu/linux-gke-5.15*
ubuntu/linux-gkeop*
ubuntu/linux-gkeop-5.15*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.8*
ubuntu/linux-intel-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-oem-5.10*
ubuntu/linux-oem-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-oem-5.6*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.8*
ubuntu/linux-raspi2*
ubuntu/linux-riscv*
ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.8*
ubuntu/linux<5.15.0-83.92
5.15.0-83.92
ubuntu/linux-allwinner-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-aws<5.15.0-1044.49
5.15.0-1044.49
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-aws-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-aws-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-azure<5.15.0-1046.53
5.15.0-1046.53
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-azure-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-azure-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-azure-fde<5.15.0-1046.53.1
5.15.0-1046.53.1
ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-gcp<5.15.0-1041.49
5.15.0-1041.49
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-gke<5.15.0-1041.46
5.15.0-1041.46
ubuntu/linux-gkeop<5.15.0-1027.32
5.15.0-1027.32
ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-ibm<5.15.0-1037.40
5.15.0-1037.40
ubuntu/linux-intel-iot-realtime*
ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg<5.15.0-1039.45
5.15.0-1039.45
ubuntu/linux-kvm<5.15.0-1041.46
5.15.0-1041.46
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency<5.15.0-83.92
5.15.0-83.92
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-nvidia<5.15.0-1032.32
5.15.0-1032.32
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra<5.15.0-1017.17
5.15.0-1017.17
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-igx<5.15.0-1004.4
5.15.0-1004.4
ubuntu/linux-oem-5.17*
ubuntu/linux-oem-6.0*
ubuntu/linux-oem-6.1*
ubuntu/linux-oem-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-oracle<5.15.0-1042.48
5.15.0-1042.48
ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-raspi<5.15.0-1037.40
5.15.0-1037.40
ubuntu/linux-realtime*
ubuntu/linux-riscv*
ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-starfive-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-starfive-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-starfive-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-xilinx-zynqmp<5.15.0-1025.29
5.15.0-1025.29
ubuntu/linux-bluefield<5.15.0-1023.25
5.15.0-1023.25
ubuntu/linux-intel-iot-realtime<5.15.0-1038.40
5.15.0-1038.40
ubuntu/linux-realtime<5.15.0-1045.50
5.15.0-1045.50
ubuntu/linux-fips*
ubuntu/linux-azure-6.11*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.11*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.11*
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11*
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.11*
ubuntu/linux-oem-6.11*
ubuntu/linux-oem-6.8*
ubuntu/linux-raspi-realtime*
ubuntu/linux-realtime*
ubuntu/linux-riscv*
ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.14*

Remediation

Recommended actions to resolve this vulnerability, in priority order.

  1. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1044.49~20.04.1
  2. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1046.53~20.04.1
  3. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1041.49~20.04.1
  4. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-83.92~20.04.1
  5. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-ibm-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1037.40~20.04.1
  6. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1040.46~20.04.1
  7. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-83.92~20.04.1
  8. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1017.17~20.04.1
  9. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1042.48~20.04.1
  10. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1040.44~20.04.3
  11. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-83.92
  12. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1044.49
  13. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1046.53
  14. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure-fde to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1046.53.1
  15. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gcp to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1041.49
  16. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gke to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1041.46
  17. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gkeop to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1027.32
  18. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-ibm to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1037.40
  19. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1039.45
  20. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-kvm to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1041.46
  21. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-lowlatency to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-83.92
  22. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1032.32
  23. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1017.17
  24. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-igx to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1004.4
  25. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-oracle to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1042.48
  26. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-raspi to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1037.40
  27. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-xilinx-zynqmp to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1025.29
  28. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-bluefield to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1023.25
  29. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-intel-iot-realtime to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1038.40
  30. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-realtime to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1045.50
  31. Configuration

    Add preempt_count_sub and preempt_count_add to the BTF ID deny list so BPF trampolines cannot attach to these functions.

    Linux kernel BPF BTF ID deny list = preempt_count_sub, preempt_count_add

Event History

Dec 24, 2025
CVE Published
via MITRE·01:06 PM
Data Sourced
via MITRE·01:06 PM
Description
Data Sourced
via OSV·01:16 PM
DescriptionSeverityAffected Software
Data Sourced
via NVD·01:16 PM
Description

Frequently Asked Questions

1

What is the severity of CVE-2023-54086?

CVE-2023-54086 has a severity classified as moderate due to the potential for kernel panic.

2

How do I fix CVE-2023-54086?

To fix CVE-2023-54086, you should update the Linux kernel to the latest version that includes the patch addressing this vulnerability.

3

Which versions of Linux Kernel are affected by CVE-2023-54086?

CVE-2023-54086 affects Linux kernel version 6.2.0 and later versions prior to the application of the patch.

4

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2023-54086?

CVE-2023-54086 is a denial of service vulnerability that can lead to kernel panic in affected systems.

5

Is CVE-2023-54086 exploitable remotely?

CVE-2023-54086 is not known to be exploitable remotely as it requires local execution context.

Company

Resources

Contact

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