CVE-2024-45614: Header normalization allows for client to clobber proxy set headers in Puma
First published: Thu Sep 19 2024(Updated: )
### Impact Clients could clobber values set by intermediate proxies (such as X-Forwarded-For) by providing a underscore version of the same header (X-Forwarded_For). Any users trusting headers set by their proxy may be affected. Attackers may be able to downgrade connections to HTTP (non-SSL) or redirect responses, which could cause confidentiality leaks if combined with a separate MITM attack. ### Patches v6.4.3/v5.6.9 now discards any headers using underscores if the non-underscore version also exists. Effectively, allowing the proxy defined headers to always win. ### Workarounds Nginx has a [underscores_in_headers](https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#underscores_in_headers) configuration variable to discard these headers at the proxy level. Any users that are implicitly trusting the proxy defined headers for security or availability should immediately cease doing so until upgraded to the fixed versions.
Credit: security-advisories@github.com security-advisories@github.com
| Affected Software | Affected Version | How to fix |
|---|---|---|
| rubygems/puma | >=6.0.0<6.4.3 | 6.4.3 |
| rubygems/puma | <5.6.9 | 5.6.9 |
| debian/puma | <=4.3.8-1+deb11u2<=5.6.5-3<=6.4.2-6 | |
| Puma | <5.6.9 | |
| Puma | >=6.0.0<6.4.3 |
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Reference Links
- https://github.com/puma/puma/security/advisories/GHSA-9hf4-67fc-4vf4
- https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#underscores_in_headers
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45614
- https://github.com/puma/puma/commit/cac3fd18cf29ed43719ff5d52d9cfec215f0a043
- https://github.com/puma/puma/commit/f196b23be24712fb8fb16051cc124798cc84f70e
- https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/puma/CVE-2024-45614.yml
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9hf4-67fc-4vf4 (Advisory)
- https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2024-45614
- https://launchpad.net/bugs/cve/CVE-2024-45614
- https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2024-45614
- https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2024-45614
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the severity of CVE-2024-45614?
CVE-2024-45614 has been assessed as a medium-severity vulnerability affecting header values trusted by clients.
How do I fix CVE-2024-45614?
To fix CVE-2024-45614, upgrade to Puma version 6.4.3 or 5.6.9 or patch older versions as recommended.
What software is affected by CVE-2024-45614?
CVE-2024-45614 affects Puma versions between 6.0.0 and 6.4.3, as well as versions up to 5.6.9.
What type of attack does CVE-2024-45614 enable?
CVE-2024-45614 allows attackers to potentially downgrade network connections and manipulate header values.
Who is impacted by CVE-2024-45614?
Users who trust intermediary proxies that set HTTP headers may be affected by CVE-2024-45614.
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