CVE-2024-50191: ext4: don't set SB_RDONLY after filesystem errors

Published Nov 8, 2024
·
Updated

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ext4: don't set SBRDONLY after filesystem errors

When the filesystem is mounted with errors=remount-ro, we were setting SBRDONLY flag to stop all filesystem modifications. We knew this misses proper locking (sb->sumount) and does not go through proper filesystem remount procedure but it has been the way this worked since early ext2 days and it was good enough for catastrophic situation damage mitigation. Recently, syzbot has found a way (see link) to trigger warnings in filesystem freezing because the code got confused by SBRDONLY changing under its hands. Since these days we set EXT4FLAGSSHUTDOWN on the superblock which is enough to stop all filesystem modifications, modifying SBRDONLY shouldn't be needed. So stop doing that.

Other sources

This CVE was automatically created from a reference found in an email or other text. If you are reading this, then this CVE entry is probably erroneous, since this text should be replaced by the official CVE description automatically.

— Launchpad

Affected Software

158 affected componentsFixes available
Linux Linux kernel<5.15.168
Linux Linux kernel>=5.16<6.1.113
Linux Linux kernel>=6.2<6.6.57
Linux Linux kernel>=6.7<6.11.4
debian/linux<6.11.4-1
6.11.4-1
debian/linux<6.11.4-1
6.11.4-1
debian/linux
6.1.176-16.1.190-16.12.107-16.12.115-27.2.12-17.2.15-1
ubuntu/linux-hwe-edge*
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.0*
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.3*
ubuntu/linux-azure*
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.3*
ubuntu/linux-azure-edge*
ubuntu/linux-gcp*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.3*
ubuntu/linux-gke-4.15*
ubuntu/linux-gke-5.4*
ubuntu/linux-gkeop-5.4*
ubuntu/linux-hwe*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-edge*
ubuntu/linux-oem*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.0*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.3*
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.15<5.15.0-1073.79~20.04.1
5.15.0-1073.79~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.15<5.15.0-1078.87~20.04.1
5.15.0-1078.87~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.15<5.15.0-1072.80~20.04.1
5.15.0-1072.80~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.15<5.15.0-127.137~20.04.1
5.15.0-127.137~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-ibm-5.15<5.15.0-1066.69~20.04.1
5.15.0-1066.69~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg-5.15<5.15.0-1071.77~20.04.1
5.15.0-1071.77~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15<5.15.0-127.137~20.04.1
5.15.0-127.137~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15<5.15.0-1032.32~20.04.1
5.15.0-1032.32~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.15<5.15.0-1071.77~20.04.1
5.15.0-1071.77~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.15<5.15.0-1069.73~20.04.1
5.15.0-1069.73~20.04.1
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.8*
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.8*
ubuntu/linux-azure-fde*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.8*
ubuntu/linux-gke*
ubuntu/linux-gke-5.15*
ubuntu/linux-gkeop*
ubuntu/linux-gkeop-5.15*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.8*
ubuntu/linux-intel-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-oem-5.10*
ubuntu/linux-oem-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-oem-5.6*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.13*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.8*
ubuntu/linux-raspi2*
ubuntu/linux-riscv*
ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.11*
ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.8*
ubuntu/linux<5.15.0-127.137
5.15.0-127.137
ubuntu/linux-allwinner-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-aws<5.15.0-1073.79
5.15.0-1073.79
ubuntu/linux-aws-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-aws-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-aws-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-aws-6.8<6.8.0-1027.29~22.04.1
6.8.0-1027.29~22.04.1
ubuntu/linux-azure<5.15.0-1078.87
5.15.0-1078.87
ubuntu/linux-azure-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-azure-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-azure-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-azure-6.8<6.8.0-1025.30~22.04.1
6.8.0-1025.30~22.04.1
ubuntu/linux-azure-fde<5.15.0-1078.87.1
5.15.0-1078.87.1
ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-gcp<5.15.0-1072.80
5.15.0-1072.80
ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.8<6.8.0-1026.28~22.04.1
6.8.0-1026.28~22.04.1
ubuntu/linux-gke<5.15.0-1070.76
5.15.0-1070.76
ubuntu/linux-gkeop<5.15.0-1056.63
5.15.0-1056.63
ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.8<6.8.0-57.59~22.04.1
6.8.0-57.59~22.04.1
ubuntu/linux-ibm<5.15.0-1066.69
5.15.0-1066.69
ubuntu/linux-ibm-6.8<6.8.0-1023.23~22.04.1
6.8.0-1023.23~22.04.1
ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg<5.15.0-1071.77
5.15.0-1071.77
ubuntu/linux-kvm<5.15.0-1070.75
5.15.0-1070.75
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency<5.15.0-127.137
5.15.0-127.137
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8<6.8.0-56.58.1~22.04.1
6.8.0-56.58.1~22.04.1
ubuntu/linux-nvidia<5.15.0-1068.69
5.15.0-1068.69
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.8<6.8.0-1024.27~22.04.1
6.8.0-1024.27~22.04.1
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra<5.15.0-1032.32
5.15.0-1032.32
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-igx<5.15.0-1020.20
5.15.0-1020.20
ubuntu/linux-oem-5.17*
ubuntu/linux-oem-6.0*
ubuntu/linux-oem-6.1*
ubuntu/linux-oem-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-oracle<5.15.0-1071.77
5.15.0-1071.77
ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.8<6.8.0-1022.23~22.04.1
6.8.0-1022.23~22.04.1
ubuntu/linux-raspi<5.15.0-1066.69
5.15.0-1066.69
ubuntu/linux-realtime*
ubuntu/linux-riscv*
ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.8<6.8.0-56.58.1~22.04.1
6.8.0-56.58.1~22.04.1
ubuntu/linux-starfive-5.19*
ubuntu/linux-starfive-6.2*
ubuntu/linux-starfive-6.5*
ubuntu/linux-xilinx-zynqmp<5.15.0-1039.43
5.15.0-1039.43
ubuntu/linux-bluefield<5.15.0-1057.59
5.15.0-1057.59
ubuntu/linux-intel-iot-realtime<5.15.0-1066.68
5.15.0-1066.68
ubuntu/linux-realtime<5.15.0-1074.82
5.15.0-1074.82
ubuntu/linux-realtime-6.8<6.8.1-1018.19~22.04.1
6.8.1-1018.19~22.04.1
ubuntu/linux-aws-fips*
ubuntu/linux-azure-fips*
ubuntu/linux-fips*
ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips*
ubuntu/linux-aws-fips<5.15.0-1073.79+fips1
5.15.0-1073.79+fips1
ubuntu/linux-azure-fips<5.15.0-1078.87+fips1
5.15.0-1078.87+fips1
ubuntu/linux-fips<5.15.0-127.137+fips1
5.15.0-127.137+fips1
ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips<5.15.0-1072.80+fips1
5.15.0-1072.80+fips1
ubuntu/linux<6.8.0-56.58
6.8.0-56.58
ubuntu/linux-aws<6.8.0-1025.27
6.8.0-1025.27
ubuntu/linux-azure<6.8.0-1025.30
6.8.0-1025.30
ubuntu/linux-azure-6.11<6.11.0-1012.12~24.04.1
6.11.0-1012.12~24.04.1
ubuntu/linux-azure-nvidia<6.8.0-1014.15
6.8.0-1014.15
ubuntu/linux-gcp<6.8.0-1026.28
6.8.0-1026.28
ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.11<6.11.0-1011.11~24.04.1
6.11.0-1011.11~24.04.1
ubuntu/linux-gke<6.8.0-1021.25
6.8.0-1021.25
ubuntu/linux-gkeop<6.8.0-1008.10
6.8.0-1008.10
ubuntu/linux-ibm<6.8.0-1022.22
6.8.0-1022.22
ubuntu/linux-lowlatency<6.8.0-56.58.1
6.8.0-56.58.1
ubuntu/linux-nvidia<6.8.0-1024.27
6.8.0-1024.27
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.11<6.11.0-1007.7
6.11.0-1007.7
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-lowlatency<6.8.0-1024.27.1
6.8.0-1024.27.1
ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra<6.8.0-1004.4
6.8.0-1004.4
ubuntu/linux-oem-6.11<6.11.0-1015.15
6.11.0-1015.15
ubuntu/linux-oem-6.8<6.8.0-1024.24
6.8.0-1024.24
ubuntu/linux-oracle<6.8.0-1022.23
6.8.0-1022.23
ubuntu/linux-raspi<6.8.0-1028.32
6.8.0-1028.32
ubuntu/linux-raspi-realtime*
ubuntu/linux-realtime*
ubuntu/linux-riscv<6.8.0-56.58.1
6.8.0-56.58.1
ubuntu/linux-xilinx<6.8.0-1017.18
6.8.0-1017.18
ubuntu/linux-raspi-realtime<6.8.0-2023.24
6.8.0-2023.24
ubuntu/linux-realtime<6.8.1-1018.19
6.8.1-1018.19
ubuntu/linux-fips<6.8.0-78.78+fips1
6.8.0-78.78+fips1
ubuntu/linux-vmware*

Remediation

Recommended actions to resolve this vulnerability, in priority order.

  1. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1073.79~20.04.1
  2. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1078.87~20.04.1
  3. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1072.80~20.04.1
  4. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-127.137~20.04.1
  5. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-ibm-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1066.69~20.04.1
  6. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1071.77~20.04.1
  7. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-127.137~20.04.1
  8. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1032.32~20.04.1
  9. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1071.77~20.04.1
  10. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1069.73~20.04.1
  11. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-127.137
  12. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1073.79
  13. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1027.29~22.04.1
  14. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1078.87
  15. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1025.30~22.04.1
  16. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure-fde to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1078.87.1
  17. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gcp to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1072.80
  18. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1026.28~22.04.1
  19. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gke to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1070.76
  20. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gkeop to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1056.63
  21. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-57.59~22.04.1
  22. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-ibm to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1066.69
  23. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-ibm-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1023.23~22.04.1
  24. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1071.77
  25. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-kvm to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1070.75
  26. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-lowlatency to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-127.137
  27. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-56.58.1~22.04.1
  28. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1068.69
  29. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1024.27~22.04.1
  30. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1032.32
  31. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-igx to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1020.20
  32. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-oracle to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1071.77
  33. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1022.23~22.04.1
  34. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-raspi to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1066.69
  35. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-56.58.1~22.04.1
  36. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-xilinx-zynqmp to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1039.43
  37. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-bluefield to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1057.59
  38. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-intel-iot-realtime to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1066.68
  39. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-realtime to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1074.82
  40. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-realtime-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.1-1018.19~22.04.1
  41. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws-fips to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1073.79+fips1
  42. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure-fips to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1078.87+fips1
  43. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-fips to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-127.137+fips1
  44. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 5.15.0-1072.80+fips1
  45. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-56.58
  46. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1025.27
  47. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1025.30
  48. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure-6.11 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.11.0-1012.12~24.04.1
  49. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure-nvidia to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1014.15
  50. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gcp to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1026.28
  51. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.11 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.11.0-1011.11~24.04.1
  52. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gke to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1021.25
  53. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-gkeop to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1008.10
  54. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-ibm to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1022.22
  55. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-lowlatency to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-56.58.1
  56. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1024.27
  57. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.11 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.11.0-1007.7
  58. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia-lowlatency to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1024.27.1
  59. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1004.4
  60. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-oem-6.11 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.11.0-1015.15
  61. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-oem-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1024.24
  62. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-oracle to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1022.23
  63. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-raspi to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1028.32
  64. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-riscv to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-56.58.1
  65. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-xilinx to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-1017.18
  66. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-raspi-realtime to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-2023.24
  67. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-realtime to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.1-1018.19
  68. Upgrade

    Upgrade ubuntu/linux-fips to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.8.0-78.78+fips1
  69. Upgrade

    Upgrade debian/linux to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.11.4-1
  70. Upgrade

    Upgrade debian/linux to a version that resolves this vulnerability.

    Fixed in 6.1.176-1Fixed in 6.1.190-1Fixed in 6.12.107-1Fixed in 6.12.115-2Fixed in 7.2.12-1Fixed in 7.2.15-1

Event History

Nov 8, 2024
CVE Published
via MITRE·05:43 AM
Data Sourced
via MITRE·05:43 AM
Description
Data Sourced
via OSV·06:15 AM
DescriptionSeverityAffected Software
Data Sourced
via NVD·06:15 AM
RemedyDescriptionSeverityAffected Software
Data Sourced
via Red Hat·01:44 PM
DescriptionSeverityAffected Software

Peer vulnerabilities

Found alongside the following vulnerabilities.

Frequently Asked Questions

1

What is the severity of CVE-2024-50191?

CVE-2024-50191 has a severity rating that indicates potential impacts on filesystem modifications when errors occur.

2

How do I fix CVE-2024-50191?

To fix CVE-2024-50191, update your Linux kernel to version 6.1.123-1, 6.1.119-1, 6.12.10-1, or 6.12.11-1.

3

Which versions of the Linux kernel are affected by CVE-2024-50191?

CVE-2024-50191 affects various versions of the Linux kernel up to 5.15.168 and between 5.16 and 6.1.113.

4

What is the nature of CVE-2024-50191?

CVE-2024-50191 involves improper handling of the SB_RDONLY flag after filesystem errors in the ext4 filesystem.

5

Is there a recommended remedial action for CVE-2024-50191?

The recommended action for CVE-2024-50191 is to apply patches or upgrade to the secure versions of the Linux kernel.

Contact

SecAlerts Pty Ltd.
132 Wickham Terrace
Fortitude Valley,
QLD 4006, Australia
info@secalerts.co
By using SecAlerts services, you agree to our services end-user license agreement. This website is safeguarded by reCAPTCHA and governed by the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. All names, logos, and brands of products are owned by their respective owners, and any usage of these names, logos, and brands for identification purposes only does not imply endorsement. If you possess any content that requires removal, please get in touch with us.
© 2026 SecAlerts Pty Ltd.
ABN: 70 645 966 203, ACN: 645 966 203