CVE-2025-31650: Apache Tomcat: DoS via malformed HTTP/2 PRIORITY_UPDATE frame
First published: Mon Apr 28 2025(Updated: )
Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. Incorrect error handling for some invalid HTTP priority headers resulted in incomplete clean-up of the failed request which created a memory leak. A large number of such requests could trigger an OutOfMemoryException resulting in a denial of service. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 9.0.76 through 9.0.102, from 10.1.10 through 10.1.39, from 11.0.0-M2 through 11.0.5. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.0.104, 10.1.40 or 11.0.6 which fix the issue.
Credit: security@apache.org
| Affected Software | Affected Version | How to fix |
|---|---|---|
| Tomcat | >=9.0.76<=9.0.102>=10.1.10<=10.1.39>=11.0.0-M2<=11.0.5 | |
| maven/org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote | >=11.0.0-M2<11.0.6 | 11.0.6 |
| maven/org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote | >=10.1.10<10.1.40 | 10.1.40 |
| maven/org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote | >=9.0.76<=9.0.102 | 9.0.104 |
| Tomcat | >=9.0.76<9.0.104 | |
| Tomcat | >=10.1.10<10.1.40 | |
| Tomcat | >=11.0.1<11.0.6 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone10 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone11 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone12 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone13 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone14 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone15 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone16 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone17 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone18 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone19 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone2 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone20 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone21 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone22 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone23 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone24 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone25 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone3 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone4 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone5 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone6 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone7 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone8 | |
| Tomcat | =11.0.0-milestone9 |
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Reference Links
- https://lists.apache.org/thread/j6zzk0y3yym9pzfzkq5vcyxzz0yzh826
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/28/2
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31650
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/1eef1dc459c45f1e421d8bd25ef340fc1cc34edc
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/40ae788c2e64d018b4e58cd4210bb96434d0100d
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/75554da2fc5574862510ae6f0d7b3d78937f1d40
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/8cc3b8fb3f2d8d4d6a757e014f19d1fafa948a60
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/b7674782679e1514a0d154166b1d04d38aaac4a9
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/b98e74f517b36929f4208506e5adad22cb767baa
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/cba1a0fe1289ee7f5dd46c61c38d1e1ac5437bff
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/ded0285b96b4d3f5560dfc8856ad5ec4a9b50ba9
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/f619e6a05029538886d5a9d987925d573b5bb8c2
- https://tomcat.apache.org/security-10.html
- https://tomcat.apache.org/security-11.html
- https://tomcat.apache.org/security-9.html
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3p2h-wqq4-wf4h (Advisory)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the severity of CVE-2025-31650?
CVE-2025-31650 has a moderate severity level due to the potential for memory leaks leading to OutOfMemoryExceptions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-31650?
To fix CVE-2025-31650, upgrade to Apache Tomcat versions 9.0.102 or later, 10.1.39 or later, or 11.0.5 or later.
What systems are affected by CVE-2025-31650?
CVE-2025-31650 affects Apache Tomcat versions between 9.0.76 and 9.0.102, 10.1.10 and 10.1.39, and 11.0.0-M2 to 11.0.5.
What causes the vulnerability in CVE-2025-31650?
CVE-2025-31650 is caused by improper input validation leading to incorrect error handling for invalid HTTP priority headers.
What risks does CVE-2025-31650 pose to my applications?
CVE-2025-31650 can result in high memory usage and application crashes due to frequent OutOfMemoryExceptions from invalid HTTP requests.
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