CVE-2025-31651: Apache Tomcat: Bypass of rules in Rewrite Valve
First published: Mon Apr 28 2025(Updated: )
Improper Neutralization of Escape, Meta, or Control Sequences vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. For a subset of unlikely rewrite rule configurations, it was possible for a specially crafted request to bypass some rewrite rules. If those rewrite rules effectively enforced security constraints, those constraints could be bypassed. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.5, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.39, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.102. Users are recommended to upgrade to version [FIXED_VERSION], which fixes the issue.
Credit: security@apache.org
| Affected Software | Affected Version | How to fix |
|---|---|---|
| Tomcat | >=11.0.0-M1<11.0.5>=10.1.0-M1<10.1.39>=9.0.0.M1<9.0.102 | |
| maven/org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina | >=11.0.0-M2<11.0.6 | 11.0.6 |
| maven/org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina | >=10.1.10<10.1.40 | 10.1.40 |
| maven/org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina | >=9.0.76<=9.0.102 | 9.0.104 |
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Reference Links
- https://lists.apache.org/list.html?announce@tomcat.apache.org
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/28/3
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31651
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/066bf6b6a15a4e7e0941d4acf096841165b97098
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/175dc75fc428930034a6c93fb52f830d955d8e64
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/ee3ab548e92345eca0cbd1f01649eb36c6f29454
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/fbecc915a10c5a3d634c5e2c6ced4ff479ce9953
- https://tomcat.apache.org/security-10.html
- https://tomcat.apache.org/security-11.html
- https://tomcat.apache.org/security-9.html
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr (Advisory)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the severity of CVE-2025-31651?
CVE-2025-31651 has been rated as a medium-severity vulnerability due to the specific conditions under which it can be exploited.
How do I fix CVE-2025-31651?
To fix CVE-2025-31651, upgrade to Apache Tomcat versions 11.0.6, 10.1.40, or 9.0.103 or later.
Who is affected by CVE-2025-31651?
CVE-2025-31651 affects Apache Tomcat versions 11.0.0-M1 to 11.0.5, 10.1.0-M1 to 10.1.39, and 9.0.0-M1 to 9.0.102.
What type of vulnerability is CVE-2025-31651?
CVE-2025-31651 is classified as an Improper Neutralization of Escape, Meta, or Control Sequences vulnerability.
What can happen if CVE-2025-31651 is exploited?
If exploited, CVE-2025-31651 can allow a specially crafted request to bypass certain security measures enforced by rewrite rules.
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