CVE-2025-40331: sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write

Q: What is the severity of CVE-2025-40331?

CVE-2025-40331 is classified as a medium severity vulnerability due to the potential for out-of-bounds write in the Linux kernel.

Q: How do I fix CVE-2025-40331?

To fix CVE-2025-40331, update the Linux kernel to the latest version that includes the security patch addressing this vulnerability.

Q: What versions of the Linux kernel are affected by CVE-2025-40331?

CVE-2025-40331 affects multiple versions of the Linux kernel that do not include the fix for the out-of-bounds write issue.

Q: What are the potential impacts of CVE-2025-40331 if exploited?

Exploitation of CVE-2025-40331 could lead to memory corruption and potentially allow an attacker to escalate privileges.

Q: Is CVE-2025-40331 a remote or local vulnerability?

CVE-2025-40331 is considered a local vulnerability since it requires access to the system to exploit.

Published Dec 9, 2025

Updated

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write

For the following path not holding the sock lock,

sctpdiagdump() -> sctpforeachendpoint() -> sctpepdump()

make sure not to exceed bounds in case the address list has grown between buffer allocation (time-of-check) and write (time-of-use).

Affected Software

233 affected componentsFixes available

linux/kernel

Microsoft azl3 kernel 6.6.112.1-2

Patch available

ubuntu/linux-azure*

ubuntu/linux-aws-hwe*

ubuntu/linux-azure*

ubuntu/linux-gcp*

ubuntu/linux-hwe*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-edge*

ubuntu/linux-oracle*

ubuntu/linux*

ubuntu/linux-aws*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.0*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.3*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-azure*

ubuntu/linux-azure-4.15*

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.3*

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-azure-edge*

ubuntu/linux-gcp*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-4.15*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.3*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-gke-4.15*

ubuntu/linux-gke-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-gkeop-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-hwe*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-edge*

ubuntu/linux-ibm-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-kvm*

ubuntu/linux-oem*

ubuntu/linux-oracle*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.0*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.3*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-raspi-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips*

ubuntu/linux-fips*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips*

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips*

ubuntu/linux-fips*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips*

ubuntu/linux*

ubuntu/linux-aws*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.15<5.15.0-1103.110~20.04.1

5.15.0-1103.110~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-azure*

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.15<5.15.0-1110.119~20.04.1

5.15.0-1110.119~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde*

ubuntu/linux-bluefield*

ubuntu/linux-gcp*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.15<5.15.0-1103.112~20.04.1

5.15.0-1103.112~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-gke*

ubuntu/linux-gke-5.15*

ubuntu/linux-gkeop*

ubuntu/linux-gkeop-5.15*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.15<5.15.0-173.183~20.04.1

5.15.0-173.183~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-ibm*

ubuntu/linux-ibm-5.15<5.15.0-1097.100~20.04.1

5.15.0-1097.100~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-intel-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg-5.15<5.15.0-1098.104~20.04.1

5.15.0-1098.104~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-iot*

ubuntu/linux-kvm*

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15<5.15.0-173.183~20.04.1

5.15.0-173.183~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15<5.15.0-1055.55~20.04.1

5.15.0-1055.55~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-oem-5.10*

ubuntu/linux-oem-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-oem-5.6*

ubuntu/linux-oracle*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.15<5.15.0-1100.106~20.04.1

5.15.0-1100.106~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-raspi*

ubuntu/linux-raspi2*

ubuntu/linux-riscv*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.15<5.15.0-1097.101~20.04.1

5.15.0-1097.101~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-xilinx-zynqmp*

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips*

ubuntu/linux-fips*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips*

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips*

ubuntu/linux-fips*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips*

ubuntu/linux<5.15.0-173.183

5.15.0-173.183

ubuntu/linux-allwinner-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-aws<5.15.0-1103.110

5.15.0-1103.110

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-aws-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-aws-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-aws-6.8<6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1

6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-azure<5.15.0-1109.118

5.15.0-1109.118

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.8<6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1

6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde<5.15.0-1109.118.1

5.15.0-1109.118.1

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-6.8<6.8.0-1058.65~22.04.1

6.8.0-1058.65~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-gcp<5.15.0-1103.112

5.15.0-1103.112

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.8<6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1

6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-gke<5.15.0-1099.105

5.15.0-1099.105

ubuntu/linux-gkeop<5.15.0-1086.94

5.15.0-1086.94

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.8<6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1

6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-ibm<5.15.0-1097.100

5.15.0-1097.100

ubuntu/linux-ibm-6.8<6.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1

6.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-intel-iot-realtime*

ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg<5.15.0-1098.104

5.15.0-1098.104

ubuntu/linux-kvm<5.15.0-1095.100

5.15.0-1095.100

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency<5.15.0-173.183

5.15.0-173.183

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8<6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1

6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-nvidia<5.15.0-1098.99

5.15.0-1098.99

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.8<6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1

6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra<5.15.0-1055.55

5.15.0-1055.55

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-igx<5.15.0-1044.44

5.15.0-1044.44

ubuntu/linux-oem-5.17*

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.0*

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.1*

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-oracle<5.15.0-1100.106

5.15.0-1100.106

ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.8<6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1

6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-raspi<5.15.0-1097.100

5.15.0-1097.100

ubuntu/linux-realtime*

ubuntu/linux-riscv*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.8<6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1

6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-starfive-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-starfive-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-starfive-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-xilinx-zynqmp<5.15.0-1067.71

5.15.0-1067.71

ubuntu/linux-bluefield<5.15.0-1086.88

5.15.0-1086.88

ubuntu/linux-intel-iot-realtime<5.15.0-1094.96

5.15.0-1094.96

ubuntu/linux-realtime<5.15.0-1102.111

5.15.0-1102.111

ubuntu/linux-realtime-6.8<6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1

6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips*

ubuntu/linux-fips*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips*

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips<5.15.0-1103.110+fips1

5.15.0-1103.110+fips1

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips<5.15.0-1109.118+fips1

5.15.0-1109.118+fips1

ubuntu/linux-fips<5.15.0-173.183+fips1

5.15.0-173.183+fips1

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips<5.15.0-1103.112+fips1

5.15.0-1103.112+fips1

ubuntu/linux<6.8.0-106.106

6.8.0-106.106

ubuntu/linux-aws<6.8.0-1050.53

6.8.0-1050.53

ubuntu/linux-aws-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-aws-6.17<6.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1

6.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-azure<6.8.0-1051.57

6.8.0-1051.57

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde<6.8.0-1058.65

6.8.0-1058.65

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-azure-nvidia<6.8.0-1039.42

6.8.0-1039.42

ubuntu/linux-azure-nvidia-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-gcp<6.8.0-1052.55

6.8.0-1052.55

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.17<6.17.0-1008.8~24.04.1

6.17.0-1008.8~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-gke<6.8.0-1048.53

6.8.0-1048.53

ubuntu/linux-gkeop<6.8.0-1035.38

6.8.0-1035.38

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-ibm<6.8.0-1049.49

6.8.0-1049.49

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency<6.8.0-106.106.1

6.8.0-106.106.1

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-nvidia<6.8.0-1049.52

6.8.0-1049.52

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.17<6.17.0-1008.8

6.17.0-1008.8

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-lowlatency<6.8.0-1049.52.1

6.8.0-1049.52.1

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra<6.8.0-1020.20

6.8.0-1020.20

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.17<6.17.0-1011.11

6.17.0-1011.11

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.8*

ubuntu/linux-oracle<6.8.0-1047.48

6.8.0-1047.48

ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.17<6.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1

6.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-raspi<6.8.0-1050.54

6.8.0-1050.54

ubuntu/linux-raspi-realtime*

ubuntu/linux-realtime*

ubuntu/linux-riscv*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-xilinx<6.8.0-1028.29

6.8.0-1028.29

ubuntu/linux-bluefield<6.8.0-1017.21

6.8.0-1017.21

ubuntu/linux-raspi-realtime<6.8.0-2040.41

6.8.0-2040.41

ubuntu/linux-realtime<6.8.1-1045.46

6.8.1-1045.46

ubuntu/linux-realtime-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-realtime-6.17<6.17.0-1006.7~24.04.1

6.17.0-1006.7~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips<6.8.0-1050.53+fips1

6.8.0-1050.53+fips1

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips<6.8.0-1052.58+fips1

6.8.0-1052.58+fips1

ubuntu/linux-fips<6.8.0-106.106+fips1

6.8.0-106.106+fips1

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips<6.8.0-1052.55+fips1

6.8.0-1052.55+fips1

ubuntu/linux<6.17.0-14.14

6.17.0-14.14

ubuntu/linux-aws<6.17.0-1007.7

6.17.0-1007.7

ubuntu/linux-azure<6.17.0-1008.8

6.17.0-1008.8

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde*

ubuntu/linux-gcp<6.17.0-1007.7

6.17.0-1007.7

ubuntu/linux-oracle<6.17.0-1007.7

6.17.0-1007.7

ubuntu/linux-raspi<6.17.0-1008.8

6.17.0-1008.8

ubuntu/linux-realtime<6.17.0-1006.7

6.17.0-1006.7

ubuntu/linux-riscv<6.17.0-14.14.1

6.17.0-14.14.1

ubuntu/linux-vmware*

Remediation

Recommended actions to resolve this vulnerability, in priority order.

Upgrade
Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws-5.15 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.
Fixed in 5.15.0-1103.110~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1110.119~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1103.112~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-173.183~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1097.100~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1098.104~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-173.183~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1055.55~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1100.106~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1097.101~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-173.183
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1103.110
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Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.
Fixed in 6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1
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Upgrade ubuntu/linux-azure to a version that resolves this vulnerability.
Fixed in 5.15.0-1109.118
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1109.118.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1058.65~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1103.112
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1099.105
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1086.94
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Fixed in 6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1097.100
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1098.104
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1095.100
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Fixed in 5.15.0-173.183
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Fixed in 6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1098.99
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1055.55
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1044.44
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1100.106
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1097.100
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Fixed in 6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1067.71
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1086.88
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1094.96
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1102.111
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Upgrade ubuntu/linux-realtime-6.8 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.
Fixed in 6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1103.110+fips1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1109.118+fips1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-173.183+fips1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1103.112+fips1
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Upgrade ubuntu/linux to a version that resolves this vulnerability.
Fixed in 6.8.0-106.106
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Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws to a version that resolves this vulnerability.
Fixed in 6.8.0-1050.53
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Upgrade ubuntu/linux-aws-6.17 to a version that resolves this vulnerability.
Fixed in 6.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1051.57
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1058.65
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1039.42
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1052.55
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1008.8~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1048.53
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1035.38
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1049.49
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Fixed in 6.8.0-106.106.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1049.52
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1008.8
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1049.52.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1020.20
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1011.11
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1047.48
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1050.54
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1028.29
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1017.21
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Fixed in 6.8.0-2040.41
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Fixed in 6.8.1-1045.46
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1006.7~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1050.53+fips1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1052.58+fips1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-106.106+fips1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1052.55+fips1
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Fixed in 6.17.0-14.14
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1007.7
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1008.8
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1007.7
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1007.7
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1008.8
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1006.7
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Fixed in 6.17.0-14.14.1

Event History

Dec 9, 2025

CVE Published

via MITRE·04:09 AM

Data Sourced

via MITRE·04:09 AM

DescriptionSeverity

Data Sourced

via OSV·04:17 PM

DescriptionSeverityAffected Software

Data Sourced

via NVD·04:17 PM

DescriptionSeverity

Dec 10, 2025

Data Sourced

via Microsoft·01:01 AM

DescriptionSeverityWeaknessAffected Software

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the severity of CVE-2025-40331?

CVE-2025-40331 is classified as a medium severity vulnerability due to the potential for out-of-bounds write in the Linux kernel.

How do I fix CVE-2025-40331?

To fix CVE-2025-40331, update the Linux kernel to the latest version that includes the security patch addressing this vulnerability.

What versions of the Linux kernel are affected by CVE-2025-40331?

CVE-2025-40331 affects multiple versions of the Linux kernel that do not include the fix for the out-of-bounds write issue.

What are the potential impacts of CVE-2025-40331 if exploited?

Exploitation of CVE-2025-40331 could lead to memory corruption and potentially allow an attacker to escalate privileges.

Is CVE-2025-40331 a remote or local vulnerability?

CVE-2025-40331 is considered a local vulnerability since it requires access to the system to exploit.

CVE-2025-40331: sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write

Affected Software

Remediation

Event History

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the severity of CVE-2025-40331?

How do I fix CVE-2025-40331?

What versions of the Linux kernel are affected by CVE-2025-40331?

What are the potential impacts of CVE-2025-40331 if exploited?

Is CVE-2025-40331 a remote or local vulnerability?

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