CVE-2026-23278: netfilter: nf_tables: always walk all pending catchall elements

Q: What is the severity of CVE-2026-23278?

CVE-2026-23278 has been classified as a medium severity vulnerability in the Linux kernel netfilter nf_tables.

Q: How do I fix CVE-2026-23278?

To fix CVE-2026-23278, update the Linux kernel to the latest stable version that includes the patch for this vulnerability.

Q: What are the potential impacts of CVE-2026-23278?

CVE-2026-23278 could lead to unexpected behavior in transaction processing involving catchall elements in netfilter.

Q: Which versions of the Linux kernel are affected by CVE-2026-23278?

CVE-2026-23278 affects specific versions of the Linux kernel that utilize the netfilter nf_tables framework.

Q: When was CVE-2026-23278 reported?

CVE-2026-23278 was reported recently in early 2026 as part of ongoing security assessments of the Linux kernel.

Published Mar 20, 2026

Updated

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: nftables: always walk all pending catchall elements

During transaction processing we might have more than one catchall element: 1 live catchall element and 1 pending element that is coming as part of the new batch.

If the map holding the catchall elements is also going away, its required to toggle all catchall elements and not just the first viable candidate.

Otherwise, we get: WARNING: ./include/net/netfilter/nftables.h:1281 at nftdatarelease+0xb7/0xe0 [nftables], CPU#2: nft/1404 RIP: 0010:nftdatarelease+0xb7/0xe0 [nftables] [..] nftsetelemdestroy+0x106/0x380 [nftables] nftablesabortrelease+0x348/0x8d0 [nftables] nftablesabort+0xcf2/0x3ac0 [nftables] nfnetlinkrcvbatch+0x9c9/0x20e0 [..]

Affected Software

233 affected componentsFixes available

Linux Linux kernel (netfilter nf_tables)

Linux Linux kernel>=4.19.316<4.20

Linux Linux kernel>=5.4.262<5.5

Linux Linux kernel>=5.10.188<5.11

Linux Linux kernel>=5.15.121<5.16

Linux Linux kernel>=6.1.36<6.2

Linux Linux kernel>=6.3.10<6.4

Linux Linux kernel>=6.4.1<6.12.78

Linux Linux kernel>=6.13<6.18.19

Linux Linux kernel>=6.19<6.19.9

Linux Linux kernel=7.0-rc1

Linux Linux kernel=7.0-rc2

Linux Linux kernel=7.0-rc3

debian/linux<6.1.177-1

6.1.177-1

debian/linux<6.12.85-1

6.12.85-1

debian/linux<6.19.10-1

6.19.10-1

linux/kernel<5.15.224

5.15.224

linux/kernel>=5.16.0<6.1.177

6.1.177

linux/kernel>=6.2.0<6.6.144

6.6.144

linux/kernel>=6.4.0<6.12.78

6.12.78

linux/kernel>=6.7.0<6.18.19

6.18.19

linux/kernel>=6.13.0<6.19.9

6.19.9

ubuntu/linux-hwe-edge*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.0*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.3*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-azure*

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.3*

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-azure-edge*

ubuntu/linux-gcp*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.3*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-gke-4.15*

ubuntu/linux-gke-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-gkeop-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-hwe*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-edge*

ubuntu/linux-ibm-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-oem*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.0*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.3*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.4*

ubuntu/linux-raspi-5.4*

ubuntu/linux*

ubuntu/linux-aws*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.15<5.15.0-1111.118~20.04.1

5.15.0-1111.118~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-azure*

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.15<5.15.0-1116.125~20.04.1

5.15.0-1116.125~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-5.15<5.15.0-1116.125~20.04.1

5.15.0-1116.125~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-bluefield*

ubuntu/linux-gcp*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.15<5.15.0-1111.121~20.04.1

5.15.0-1111.121~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-gke*

ubuntu/linux-gke-5.15*

ubuntu/linux-gkeop*

ubuntu/linux-gkeop-5.15*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.15<5.15.0-185.195~20.04.1

5.15.0-185.195~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-ibm*

ubuntu/linux-ibm-5.15<5.15.0-1105.109~20.04.1

5.15.0-1105.109~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-intel-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg-5.15<5.15.0-1106.112~20.04.1

5.15.0-1106.112~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-iot*

ubuntu/linux-kvm*

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15<5.15.0-183.193~20.04.1

5.15.0-183.193~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15<5.15.0-1063.63~20.04.1

5.15.0-1063.63~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-oem-5.10*

ubuntu/linux-oem-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-oem-5.6*

ubuntu/linux-oracle*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.13*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.15<5.15.0-1108.114~20.04.1

5.15.0-1108.114~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-oracle-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-raspi*

ubuntu/linux-raspi2*

ubuntu/linux-riscv*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.11*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.15<5.15.0-1105.109~20.04.1

5.15.0-1105.109~20.04.1

ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.8*

ubuntu/linux-xilinx-zynqmp*

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips*

ubuntu/linux-fips*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips*

ubuntu/linux<5.15.0-185.195

5.15.0-185.195

ubuntu/linux-allwinner-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-aws<5.15.0-1111.118

5.15.0-1111.118

ubuntu/linux-aws-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-aws-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-aws-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-aws-6.8<6.8.0-1060.63~22.04.1

6.8.0-1060.63~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-azure<5.15.0-1116.125

5.15.0-1116.125

ubuntu/linux-azure-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.8<6.8.0-1063.71~22.04.1

6.8.0-1063.71~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde<5.15.0-1116.125

5.15.0-1116.125

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-6.8<6.8.0-1062.69~22.04.1

6.8.0-1062.69~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-gcp<5.15.0-1111.121

5.15.0-1111.121

ubuntu/linux-gcp-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.8<6.8.0-1063.69~22.04.1

6.8.0-1063.69~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-gke<5.15.0-1107.113

5.15.0-1107.113

ubuntu/linux-gkeop<5.15.0-1094.102

5.15.0-1094.102

ubuntu/linux-hwe-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.8<6.8.0-136.136~22.04.1

6.8.0-136.136~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-ibm<5.15.0-1105.109

5.15.0-1105.109

ubuntu/linux-ibm-6.8<6.8.0-1060.61~22.04.1

6.8.0-1060.61~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-intel-iot-realtime*

ubuntu/linux-intel-iotg<5.15.0-1106.112

5.15.0-1106.112

ubuntu/linux-kvm<5.15.0-1103.108

5.15.0-1103.108

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency<5.15.0-183.193

5.15.0-183.193

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8<6.8.0-134.134.1~22.04.1

6.8.0-134.134.1~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-nvidia<5.15.0-1106.107

5.15.0-1106.107

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.8<6.8.0-1058.61~22.04.1

6.8.0-1058.61~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra<5.15.0-1063.63

5.15.0-1063.63

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra-igx<5.15.0-1052.52

5.15.0-1052.52

ubuntu/linux-oem-5.17*

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.0*

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.1*

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-oracle<5.15.0-1108.114

5.15.0-1108.114

ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.8<6.8.0-1057.58~22.04.1

6.8.0-1057.58~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-raspi<5.15.0-1105.108

5.15.0-1105.108

ubuntu/linux-realtime*

ubuntu/linux-riscv*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.8<6.8.0-134.134~22.04.1

6.8.0-134.134~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-starfive-5.19*

ubuntu/linux-starfive-6.2*

ubuntu/linux-starfive-6.5*

ubuntu/linux-xilinx-zynqmp<5.15.0-1074.78

5.15.0-1074.78

ubuntu/linux-bluefield<5.15.0-1095.97

5.15.0-1095.97

ubuntu/linux-intel-iot-realtime<5.15.0-1103.105

5.15.0-1103.105

ubuntu/linux-realtime<5.15.0-1110.119

5.15.0-1110.119

ubuntu/linux-realtime-6.8<6.8.1-1055.56~22.04.1

6.8.1-1055.56~22.04.1

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips*

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips<5.15.0-1111.118+fips1

5.15.0-1111.118+fips1

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips<5.15.0-1116.125+fips1

5.15.0-1116.125+fips1

ubuntu/linux-fips<5.15.0-185.195+fips1

5.15.0-185.195+fips1

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips<5.15.0-1111.121+fips1

5.15.0-1111.121+fips1

ubuntu/linux<6.8.0-134.134

6.8.0-134.134

ubuntu/linux-aws<6.8.0-1060.63

6.8.0-1060.63

ubuntu/linux-aws-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-aws-6.17<6.17.0-1019.19~24.04.1

6.17.0-1019.19~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-azure<6.8.0-1063.71

6.8.0-1063.71

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-azure-6.17<6.17.0-1021.21~24.04.1

6.17.0-1021.21~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde<6.8.0-1062.69

6.8.0-1062.69

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-azure-nvidia<6.8.0-1039.42

6.8.0-1039.42

ubuntu/linux-azure-nvidia-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-gcp<6.8.0-1063.69

6.8.0-1063.69

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-gcp-6.17<6.17.0-1020.22~24.04.1

6.17.0-1020.22~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-gke<6.8.0-1058.64

6.8.0-1058.64

ubuntu/linux-gkeop<6.8.0-1045.48

6.8.0-1045.48

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-hwe-6.17<6.17.0-40.40~24.04.1

6.17.0-40.40~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-ibm<6.8.0-1060.61

6.8.0-1060.61

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency<6.8.0-134.134.1

6.8.0-134.134.1

ubuntu/linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-nvidia<6.8.0-1058.61

6.8.0-1058.61

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-6.17<6.17.0-1026.26

6.17.0-1026.26

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-lowlatency<6.8.0-1058.61.1

6.8.0-1058.61.1

ubuntu/linux-nvidia-tegra<6.8.0-1029.30

6.8.0-1029.30

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.11*

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.17<6.17.0-1028.28

6.17.0-1028.28

ubuntu/linux-oem-6.8*

ubuntu/linux-oracle<6.8.0-1057.58

6.8.0-1057.58

ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-oracle-6.17<6.17.0-1018.18~24.04.1

6.17.0-1018.18~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-raspi<6.8.0-1060.64

6.8.0-1060.64

ubuntu/linux-raspi-realtime*

ubuntu/linux-realtime*

ubuntu/linux-riscv*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-riscv-6.17<6.17.0-38.38.1~24.04.1

6.17.0-38.38.1~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-xilinx<6.8.0-1032.33

6.8.0-1032.33

ubuntu/linux-bluefield<6.8.0-1026.30

6.8.0-1026.30

ubuntu/linux-raspi-realtime<6.8.0-2049.50

6.8.0-2049.50

ubuntu/linux-realtime<6.8.1-1055.56

6.8.1-1055.56

ubuntu/linux-realtime-6.14*

ubuntu/linux-realtime-6.17<6.17.0-1017.19~24.04.1

6.17.0-1017.19~24.04.1

ubuntu/linux-aws-fips<6.8.0-1060.63+fips1

6.8.0-1060.63+fips1

ubuntu/linux-azure-fips<6.8.0-1062.69+fips1

6.8.0-1062.69+fips1

ubuntu/linux-fips<6.8.0-134.134+fips1

6.8.0-134.134+fips1

ubuntu/linux-gcp-fips<6.8.0-1063.69+fips1

6.8.0-1063.69+fips1

ubuntu/linux<6.17.0-40.40

6.17.0-40.40

ubuntu/linux-aws<6.17.0-1019.19

6.17.0-1019.19

ubuntu/linux-azure*

ubuntu/linux-azure-fde*

ubuntu/linux-gcp<6.17.0-1020.22

6.17.0-1020.22

ubuntu/linux-oracle<6.17.0-1018.18

6.17.0-1018.18

ubuntu/linux-raspi<6.17.0-1021.21

6.17.0-1021.21

ubuntu/linux-realtime<6.17.0-1017.19

6.17.0-1017.19

ubuntu/linux-riscv<6.17.0-40.40.1

6.17.0-40.40.1

ubuntu/linux-vmware*

debian/linux<=6.1.176-1

6.1.190-16.12.107-16.12.116-17.2.15-17.3.4-1

Remediation

Recommended actions to resolve this vulnerability, in priority order.

Upgrade
Upgrade debian/linux to a version that resolves this vulnerability.
Fixed in 6.1.177-1
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Fixed in 6.12.85-1
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Fixed in 6.19.10-1
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Fixed in 5.15.224
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Fixed in 6.1.177
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Fixed in 6.6.144
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Fixed in 6.12.78
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Fixed in 6.18.19
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Fixed in 6.19.9
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1111.118~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1116.125~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1116.125~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1111.121~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-185.195~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1105.109~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1106.112~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-183.193~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1063.63~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1108.114~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1105.109~20.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-185.195
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1111.118
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1060.63~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1116.125
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1063.71~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1116.125
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1062.69~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1111.121
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1063.69~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1107.113
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1094.102
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Fixed in 6.8.0-136.136~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1105.109
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1060.61~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1106.112
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1103.108
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Fixed in 5.15.0-183.193
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Fixed in 6.8.0-134.134.1~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1106.107
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1058.61~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1063.63
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1052.52
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1108.114
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1057.58~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1105.108
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Fixed in 6.8.0-134.134~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1074.78
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1095.97
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1103.105
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1110.119
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Fixed in 6.8.1-1055.56~22.04.1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1111.118+fips1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1116.125+fips1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-185.195+fips1
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Fixed in 5.15.0-1111.121+fips1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-134.134
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1060.63
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1019.19~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1063.71
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1021.21~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1062.69
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1039.42
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1063.69
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1020.22~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1058.64
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1045.48
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Fixed in 6.17.0-40.40~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1060.61
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Fixed in 6.8.0-134.134.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1058.61
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1026.26
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1058.61.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1029.30
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1028.28
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1057.58
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1018.18~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1060.64
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Fixed in 6.17.0-38.38.1~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1032.33
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1026.30
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Fixed in 6.8.0-2049.50
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Fixed in 6.8.1-1055.56
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1017.19~24.04.1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1060.63+fips1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1062.69+fips1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-134.134+fips1
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Fixed in 6.8.0-1063.69+fips1
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Fixed in 6.17.0-40.40
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1019.19
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1020.22
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1018.18
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1021.21
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Fixed in 6.17.0-1017.19
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Fixed in 6.17.0-40.40.1
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Fixed in 6.1.190-1Fixed in 6.12.107-1Fixed in 6.12.116-1Fixed in 7.2.15-1Fixed in 7.3.4-1

Event History

Mar 20, 2026

CVE Published

via MITRE·08:08 AM

Data Sourced

via MITRE·08:08 AM

DescriptionSeverity

Data Sourced

via OSV·08:08 AM

DescriptionSeverityAffected Software

Event

via OSV·09:16 AM

Data Sourced

via NVD·09:16 AM

RemedyDescriptionSeverityWeaknessAffected Software

Parent advisories

This vulnerability appears in the following advisories.

DSA-6238

Peer vulnerabilities

Found alongside the following vulnerabilities.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the severity of CVE-2026-23278?

CVE-2026-23278 has been classified as a medium severity vulnerability in the Linux kernel netfilter nf_tables.

How do I fix CVE-2026-23278?

To fix CVE-2026-23278, update the Linux kernel to the latest stable version that includes the patch for this vulnerability.

What are the potential impacts of CVE-2026-23278?

CVE-2026-23278 could lead to unexpected behavior in transaction processing involving catchall elements in netfilter.

Which versions of the Linux kernel are affected by CVE-2026-23278?

CVE-2026-23278 affects specific versions of the Linux kernel that utilize the netfilter nf_tables framework.

When was CVE-2026-23278 reported?

CVE-2026-23278 was reported recently in early 2026 as part of ongoing security assessments of the Linux kernel.

CVE-2026-23278: netfilter: nf_tables: always walk all pending catchall elements

Affected Software

Remediation

Event History

Parent advisories

Peer vulnerabilities

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the severity of CVE-2026-23278?

How do I fix CVE-2026-23278?

What are the potential impacts of CVE-2026-23278?

Which versions of the Linux kernel are affected by CVE-2026-23278?

When was CVE-2026-23278 reported?

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