A Secure Email Gateway is exposed when File Reputation is enabled for a mail policy and Cisco Content Scanner Tools is older than version 25.3.0.5525. Nearly 300 such gateways were observed exposed online by Shadowserver.
The described attack requires sending a single email with a crafted attachment. Successful exploitation can write files to the gateway and execute commands as root.
Update Content Scanner Tools to at least 25.3.0.5525 and ensure the relevant AsyncOS hardening updates are applied. Cisco shipped fixes in AsyncOS 15.5.5-014 and 16.5.0-780 on September 14.
Cisco identified indicators of possible compromise on some devices in its managed Secure Email Cloud service and contacted affected customers. The provided information does not identify specific indicators for self-assessment.