A flaw was found in the OpenSSH package. For each ping packet the SSH server receives, a pong packet is allocated in a memory buffer and stored in a queue of packages. It is only freed when the server/client key exchange has finished. A malicious client may keep sending such packages, leading to an uncontrolled increase in memory consumption on the server side. Consequently, the server may become unavailable, resulting in a denial of service attack.

Two improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerabilities [CWE-78] in Fortinet FortiVoice version 7.2.0, 7.0.0 through 7.0.6 and before 6.4.10 allows a privileged attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via crafted HTTP/HTTPS or CLI requests.

An Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability [CWE-94] in FortiClientMac 7.4.0 through 7.4.3, 7.2.1 through 7.2.8 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on the victim's host via tricking the user into visiting a malicious website.

An Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature vulnerability [CWE-347] in FortiClient MacOS installer version 7.4.2 and below, version 7.2.9 and below, 7.0 all versions may allow a local user to escalate their privileges via FortiClient related executables.

An Incorrect Provision of Specified Functionality vulnerability [CWE-684] in FortiOS 7.6.0, 7.4.0 through 7.4.5, 7.2.5 through 7.2.10, 7.0.0 through 7.0.15, 6.4 all versions may allow a local authenticated attacker to execute system commands via crafted CLI commands.

An Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource vulnerability [CWE-732] in FortiClientMac 7.4.0 through 7.4.3, 7.2.0 through 7.2.11, 7.0 all versions may allow a local attacker to run arbitrary code or commands via LaunchDaemon hijacking.

An Uncontrolled Search Path Element vulnerability [CWE-427] in FortiClient Windows 7.4.0 through 7.4.3, 7.2.0 through 7.2.11, 7.0 all versions may allow a local low privileged user to perform a DLL hijacking attack via placing a malicious DLL to the FortiClient Online Installer installation folder.

An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability [CWE-78] in FortiSandbox may allow an authenticated attacker to execute unauthorized code on the underlying system via crafted HTTP requests.

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability [CWE-78] in FortiSandbox GUI may allow an authenticated privileged attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests.

A missing authentication for critical function vulnerability [CWE-306] in FortiOS and FortiSwitchManager CAPWAP daemon may allow a local unauthenticated attacker on the same local IP subnet to write device configuration via specially crafted requests. To be successful, this attack requires the targeted FortiGate device to run a specific, non default configuration.

A out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiOS 7.4.0 through 7.4.8, FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.11 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets.

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL Command ("SQL Injection&") vulnerability [CWE-89] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiMail 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiMail 7.4.0 through 7.4.5, FortiMail 7.2.0 through 7.2.8 allows an authenticated privileged attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specifically crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests.

A out-of-bounds read vulnerability in Fortinet FortiAuthenticator 6.6.0 through 6.6.2, FortiAuthenticator 6.5 all versions may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to retrieve sensitive information via a specially crafted request.

A reliance on cookies without validation and integrity checking vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 8.0.0 through 8.0.1, FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.5, FortiWeb 7.4.0 through 7.4.10, FortiWeb 7.2.0 through 7.2.11, FortiWeb 7.0.0 through 7.0.11 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary operations on the system via crafted HTTP or HTTPS request via forged cookies, requiring prior knowledge of the FortiWeb serial number.

A use of password hash instead of password for authentication vulnerability [CWE-836] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 8.0.0 through 8.0.1, FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.5, FortiWeb 7.4.0 through 7.4.10, FortiWeb 7.2.0 through 7.2.11, FortiWeb 7.0.0 through 7.0.11 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to use the hash in place of the password to authenticate via crafted HTTP/HTTPS requests

Multiple Improper Limitations of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerabilities [CWE-22] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiVoice 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiVoice 7.0.0 through 7.0.7 may allow a privileged authenticated attacker to write arbitrary files via specifically HTTP or HTTPS commands

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiVoice 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiVoice 7.0.0 through 7.0.7, FortiVoice 6.4 all versions, FortiVoice 6.0 all versions may allow an authenticated privileged attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via crafted requests

A improper validation of certificate with host mismatch vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.6.1 through 7.6.6, FortiProxy 7.6.2 through 7.6.6 may allow attacker to information disclosure via <insert attack vector here>

A buffer copy without checking size of input ('classic buffer overflow') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiClientWindows 7.4.0 through 7.4.3, FortiClientWindows 7.2.0 through 7.2.11 may allow an unauthenticated attacker in a position to alter or craft DNS responses to the targeted host to execute arbitrary code via malicious packets.

A authentication bypass using an alternate path or channel vulnerability in Fortinet FortiManager 7.6.1, FortiManager 7.4.3 through 7.4.5, FortiManager 7.2.5 through 7.2.9, FortiManager Cloud 7.6.1, FortiManager Cloud 7.4.3 through 7.4.5, FortiManager Cloud 7.2.5 through 7.2.9 may allow attacker to improper access control via <insert attack vector here>

A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability [CWE-121] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.6.1 through 7.6.6 may allow an unauthenticated attacker who can bypass stack protection and ASLR to execute arbitrary code or commands in the context of the WAD daemon via crafted sockets, only if the explicit proxy is configured with Kerberos authentication and SOCKS enabled.

A improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSandbox 5.2.0, FortiSandbox 5.0.0 through 5.0.6, FortiSandbox 4.4.0 through 4.4.9 may allow attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via <insert attack vector here>

A security regression (CVE-2006-5051) was discovered in OpenSSH's server (sshd). There is a race condition which can lead sshd to handle some signals in an unsafe manner. An unauthenticated, remote attacker may be able to trigger it by failing to authenticate within a set time period.

A improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiADC 7.6.0 through 7.6.1, FortiADC 7.4.0 through 7.4.6, FortiADC 7.2.0 through 7.2.7, FortiADC 7.1.0 through 7.1.4, FortiADC 7.0 all versions, FortiADC 6.2 all versions, FortiADC 6.1 all versions, FortiADC 6.0 all versions, FortiADC 5.4 all versions, FortiADC 5.3 all versions, FortiADC 5.2 all versions, FortiADC 5.1 all versions, FortiADC 5.0 all versions, FortiADC 4.8 all versions, FortiADC 4.7 all versions, FortiADC 4.6 all versions, FortiADC 4.5 all versions, FortiADC 4.4 all versions, FortiADC 4.3 all versions, FortiADC 4.2 all versions, FortiADC 4.1 all versions, FortiADC 4.0 all versions, FortiADC 3.2 all versions, FortiADC 3.1 all versions, FortiADC 3.0 all versions may allow attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via <insert attack vector here>

A session fixation vulnerability [CWE-384] in FortiOS may allow an unauthenticated attacker to hijack user session via a phishing SAML authentication link.

A Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiClientWindows 7.4.0 through 7.4.3, FortiClientWindows 7.2.0 through 7.2.8 may allow an authenticated local IPSec user to execute arbitrary code or commands via "fortips74.sys". The attacker would need to bypass the Windows heap integrity protections

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL injection') [CWE-89] in FortiAnalyzer, FortiAnalyzer Cloud, FortiManager and FortiManager Cloud may allow an authenticated privileged attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via crafted requests.

HTTP/2 Rapid reset attack The HTTP/2 protocol allows clients to indicate to the server that a previous stream should be canceled by sending a RSTSTREAM frame. The protocol does not require the client and server to coordinate the cancellation in any way, the client may do it unilaterally. The client may also assume that the cancellation will take effect immediately when the server receives the RSTSTREAM frame, before any other data from that TCP connection is processed.

Abuse of this feature is called a Rapid Reset attack because it relies on the ability for an endpoint to send a RSTSTREAM frame immediately after sending a request frame, which makes the other endpoint start working and then rapidly resets the request. The request is canceled, but leaves the HTTP/2 connection open.

The HTTP/2 Rapid Reset attack built on this capability is simple: The client opens a large number of streams at once as in the standard HTTP/2 attack, but rather than waiting for a response to each request stream from the server or proxy, the client cancels each request immediately.

The ability to reset streams immediately allows each connection to have an indefinite number of requests in flight. By explicitly canceling the requests, the attacker never exceeds the limit on the number of concurrent open streams. The number of in-flight requests is no longer dependent on the round-trip time (RTT), but only on the available network bandwidth.

In a typical HTTP/2 server implementation, the server will still have to do significant amounts of work for canceled requests, such as allocating new stream data structures, parsing the query and doing header decompression, and mapping the URL to a resource. For reverse proxy implementations, the request may be proxied to the backend server before the RSTSTREAM frame is processed. The client on the other hand paid almost no costs for sending the requests. This creates an exploitable cost asymmetry between the server and the client.

Multiple software artifacts implementing HTTP/2 are affected. This advisory was originally ingested from the swift-nio-http2 repo advisory and their original conent follows.

swift-nio-http2 specific advisory swift-nio-http2 is vulnerable to a denial-of-service vulnerability in which a malicious client can create and then reset a large number of HTTP/2 streams in a short period of time. This causes swift-nio-http2 to commit to a large amount of expensive work which it then throws away, including creating entirely new Channels to serve the traffic. This can easily overwhelm an EventLoop and prevent it from making forward progress.

swift-nio-http2 1.28 contains a remediation for this issue that applies reset counter using a sliding window. This constrains the number of stream resets that may occur in a given window of time. Clients violating this limit will have their connections torn down. This allows clients to continue to cancel streams for legitimate reasons, while constraining malicious actors.

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiOS 7.4.0 through 7.4.8, FortiOS 7.2 all versions, FortiOS 7.0 all versions, FortiOS 6.4 all versions, FortiOS 6.2 all versions, FortiOS 6.0 all versions, FortiSASE 25.3.b allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets

An Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS version 7.6.2 and below, version 7.4.7 and below, version 7.2.10 and below, 7.0 all versions, 6.4 all versions; FortiPAM version 1.5.0, version 1.4.2 and below, 1.3 all versions, 1.2 all versions, 1.1 all versions, 1.0 all versions and FortiProxy version 7.6.2 and below, version 7.4.3 and below, 7.2 all versions, 7.0 all versions RDP bookmark connection may allow an authenticated user to execute unauthorized code via crafted requests.