An improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.5 all versions, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.3 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.5 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.3 all versions may allow an authenticated remote attacker to perform path traversal attack via File Content Extraction actions.

A server-side request forgery (ssrf) vulnerability [CWE-918] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.4, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.0 through 7.6.2, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.3 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.4, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.0 through 7.6.2, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.3 all versions may allow an authenticated attacker to discover services running on local ports via crafted requests.

A cleartext transmission of sensitive information vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.3 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.0 through 7.6.2, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.5.0 through 7.5.1, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.3 all versions may allow an authenticated attacker to view cleartext password in response for Secure Message Exchange and Radius queries, if configured

A storing passwords in a recoverable format vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.0 through 7.6.4, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.3 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.0 through 7.6.4, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.3 all versions may allow an authenticated remote attacker to retrieve Service account password via server address modification in LDAP configuration.

An improper neutralization of input during web page generation ('cross-site scripting') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.3 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.3 all versions may allow an authenticated remote attacker to perform a stored cross site scripting (XSS) attack via crafted HTTP Requests.

A storing passwords in a recoverable format vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.0 through 7.6.4, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.3 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.0 through 7.6.4, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.3 all versions may allow an authenticated remote attacker to retrieve passwords for multiple installed connectors via server address modification in connector configuration.

An improper access control vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.0 through 7.6.2, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.5.0 through 7.5.1, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.3 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.0 through 7.6.2, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.5.0 through 7.5.1, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.3 all versions may allow information disclosure to an authenticated attacker via crafted requests

An unverified password change vulnerability [CWE-620] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.0 through 7.6.2, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.5.0 through 7.5.1, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.3 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.0 through 7.6.2, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.5.0 through 7.5.1, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.4 all versions, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.3 all versions may allow an attacker who has already gained access to a victim's user account to reset the account credentials without being prompted for the account's password

A externally controlled reference to a resource in another sphere vulnerability in Fortinet allows attacker to poison web caches via crafted HTTP requests, where the Host header points to an arbitrary webserver

Summary

Terrapin is a prefix truncation attack targeting the SSH protocol. More precisely, Terrapin breaks the integrity of SSH's secure channel. By carefully adjusting the sequence numbers during the handshake, an attacker can remove an arbitrary amount of messages sent by the client or server at the beginning of the secure channel without the client or server noticing it.

Mitigations

To mitigate this protocol vulnerability, OpenSSH suggested a so-called "strict kex" which alters the SSH handshake to ensure a Man-in-the-Middle attacker cannot introduce unauthenticated messages as well as convey sequence number manipulation across handshakes.

Warning: To take effect, both the client and server must support this countermeasure.

As a stop-gap measure, peers may also (temporarily) disable the affected algorithms and use unaffected alternatives like AES-GCM instead until patches are available.

Details

The SSH specifications of ChaCha20-Poly1305 (chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com) and Encrypt-then-MAC (-etm@openssh.com MACs) are vulnerable against an arbitrary prefix truncation attack (a.k.a. Terrapin attack). This allows for an extension negotiation downgrade by stripping the SSHMSGEXTINFO sent after the first message after SSHMSGNEWKEYS, downgrading security, and disabling attack countermeasures in some versions of OpenSSH. When targeting Encrypt-then-MAC, this attack requires the use of a CBC cipher to be practically exploitable due to the internal workings of the cipher mode. Additionally, this novel attack technique can be used to exploit previously unexploitable implementation flaws in a Man-in-the-Middle scenario.

The attack works by an attacker injecting an arbitrary number of SSHMSGIGNORE messages during the initial key exchange and consequently removing the same number of messages just after the initial key exchange has concluded. This is possible due to missing authentication of the excess SSHMSGIGNORE messages and the fact that the implicit sequence numbers used within the SSH protocol are only checked after the initial key exchange.

In the case of ChaCha20-Poly1305, the attack is guaranteed to work on every connection as this cipher does not maintain an internal state other than the message's sequence number. In the case of Encrypt-Then-MAC, practical exploitation requires the use of a CBC cipher; while theoretical integrity is broken for all ciphers when using this mode, message processing will fail at the application layer for CTR and stream ciphers.

For more details see https://terrapin-attack.com.

Impact

This attack targets the specification of ChaCha20-Poly1305 (chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com) and Encrypt-then-MAC (-etm@openssh.com), which are widely adopted by well-known SSH implementations and can be considered de-facto standard. These algorithms can be practically exploited; however, in the case of Encrypt-Then-MAC, we additionally require the use of a CBC cipher. As a consequence, this attack works against all well-behaving SSH implementations supporting either of those algorithms and can be used to downgrade (but not fully strip) connection security in case SSH extension negotiation (RFC8308) is supported. The attack may also enable attackers to exploit certain implementation flaws in a man-in-the-middle (MitM) scenario.

A missing authentication for a critical function vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR 6.4.0 - 6.4.4 and 7.0.0 - 7.0.3 and 7.2.0 allows an attacker to disclose information via logging into the database using a privileged account without a password.