Action View is a framework for handling view template lookup and rendering and provides view helpers for building HTML. Prior to 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2, striptags in Action View returns its sanitized output marked htmlsafe, but the underlying sanitizer encodes only &, < and >, leaving " and ' unencoded. Because ERB does not escape a string marked htmlsafe, untrusted input passed through striptags and rendered inside a quoted HTML attribute value could close the attribute and add new attributes, possibly leading to XSS. Applications that render striptags output from untrusted input inside an HTML attribute, for example in a title attribute or a <meta content> tag, are affected. Output rendered as element content is not affected. This issue is fixed in versions 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2.

Action View is a framework for handling view template lookup and rendering and provides view helpers for building HTML. Prior to 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2, the fix for CVE-2026-33168 skips blank HTML attribute names in Action View tag helpers, but it tests the name before converting it to a string. A Symbol name made only of whitespace, such as :" ", is not blank, because Symbol#blank? is Symbol#empty?, so it reaches the attribute escaping, which emits an attribute with no name and produces malformed HTML. The asset tag helpers, such as imagetag, videotag and audiotag, symbolize their options, so a whitespace String name passed to them takes the same path. A carefully crafted attribute value could then be misinterpreted by the browser as a separate attribute name, possibly leading to XSS. Applications that allow users to specify custom HTML attribute names are affected. This issue is fixed in versions 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2.