In Zabbix 7.4 the cryptographic key used for signing Frontend sessions has been erroneously written to the database seed. Currently the only known exploitation scenario is for deployments that utilize both - SAML authentication and guest users. In such cases the key can be used to forge valid session cookies, potentially leading to unauthorized access. For other Zabbix deployments this does not have a known impact.

The cause of vulnerability is improper validation of form input field “Name” on Graph page in Items section.

An unauthenticated user can create a link with reflected Javascript code inside the backurl parameter and send it to other authenticated users in order to create a fake account with predefined login, password and role in Zabbix Frontend.

In the case of instances where the SAML SSO authentication is enabled (non-default), session data can be modified by a malicious actor, because a user login stored in the session was not verified. Malicious unauthenticated actor may exploit this issue to escalate privileges and gain admin access to Zabbix Frontend. To perform the attack, SAML authentication is required to be enabled and the actor has to know the username of Zabbix user (or use the guest account, which is disabled by default).

After the initial setup process, some steps of setup.php file are reachable not only by super-administrators, but by unauthenticated users as well. Malicious actor can pass step checks and potentially change the configuration of Zabbix Frontend.

Zabbix before 1.8.19rc1, 2.0 before 2.0.10rc1, and 2.2 before 2.2.1rc1 allows remote Zabbix servers and proxies to execute arbitrary commands via a newline in a flexible user parameter.

An authenticated Zabbix user (User role) with template/host write permissions is able to create objects via the configuration.import API. This can lead to confidentiality loss by creating unauthorized hosts. Note that the User role is normally not sufficient to create and edit templates/hosts even with write permissions.

SQL injection vulnerability in Zabbix before 2.2.14 and 3.0 before 3.0.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the toggleids array parameter in latest.php.

The mysql user parameter configuration script (userparametermysql.conf) in the agent in Zabbix before 2.0.18, 2.2.x before 2.2.13, and 3.0.x before 3.0.3, when used with a shell other than bash, allows context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary code or SQL commands via the mysql.size parameter.

The Item history widget (in Zabbix 7.0+) or the Plain text widget (in Zabbix 6.0) can execute injected JavaScript when HTML display is enabled. This can allow an attacker to perform unauthorized actions depending on which user opens a dashboard containing these widgets. The malicious JavaScript would have to come from a monitored host controlled by the attacker. Note: the Item history widget is a replacement for the Plain text widget since Zabbix 7.0.

The Frontend in Zabbix before 1.8.20rc2, 2.0.x before 2.0.11rc2, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2rc1 allows remote "Zabbix Admin" users to modify the media of arbitrary users via unspecified vectors.

The API in Zabbix before 1.8.20rc1, 2.0.x before 2.0.11rc1, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2rc1 allows remote authenticated users to spoof arbitrary users via the user name in a user.login request.

SQL injection vulnerability in the user.authenticate method in the API in Zabbix 1.8 before 1.8.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the user parameter in JSON data to apijsonrpc.php.

Multiple format string vulnerabilities in zabbix before 20061006 allow attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via format string specifiers in information that would be recorded in the system log using (1) zabbixlog or (2) zabbixsyslog.

Multiple buffer overflows in zabbix before 20061006 allow attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via long strings to the (1) zabbixlog and (2) zabbixsyslog functions.

A low privilege Zabbix user with API access can exploit a blind SQL injection vulnerability in include/classes/api/CApiService.php to execute arbitrary SQL selects via the sortfield parameter. Although query results are not returned directly, an attacker can exfiltrate arbitrary database data through time-based techniques, potentially leading to session identifier disclosure and administrator account compromise.

Zabbix Agent 2 smartctl plugin does not properly sanitize smart.disk.get parameters, allowing an attacker to inject unexpected arguments into the smartctl command. In Zabbix 5.0 this allows for remote code execution.

A Zabbix adminitrator can inject arbitrary SQL during the autoremoval of hosts by inserting malicious SQL in the 'Visible name' field.

An authenticated Zabbix user (including Guest) is able to cause disproportionate CPU load on the webserver by sending specially crafted parameters to /imgstore.php, leading to potential denial of service.

An authenticated Zabbix Super Admin can exploit the oauth.authorize action to read arbitrary files from the webserver leading to potential confidentiality loss.

An information disclosure vulnerability exists in the iConfig proxy request of Zabbix server 2.4.X. A specially crafted iConfig proxy request can cause the Zabbix server to send the configuration information of any Zabbix proxy, resulting in information disclosure. An attacker can make requests from an active Zabbix proxy to trigger this vulnerability.

SQL injection vulnerability in the gethistorylastid function in the nodewatcher component in Zabbix Server before 1.6.8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via a crafted request, possibly related to the sendhistorylastid function in zabbixserver/trapper/nodehistory.c.

Buffer overflow in ZABBIX before 1.1.5 has unknown impact and attack vectors related to "SNMP IP addresses."

SQL injection vulnerability in events.php in Zabbix 1.8.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the navtime parameter.

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the formatQuery function in frontends/php/include/classes/class.curl.php in Zabbix before 1.8.3rc1 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) filterset, (2) showdetails, (3) filterrst, or (4) txtselect parameters to the triggers page (trstatus.php). NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.

SQL injection vulnerability in frontends/php/popupbitem.php in Zabbix 1.8.15rc1 and earlier, and 2.x before 2.0.2rc1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the itemid parameter.

Zabbix before 5.0 represents passwords in the users table with unsalted MD5.

The user.login function in Zabbix before 1.8.16 and 2.x before 2.0.5rc1 allows remote attackers to override LDAP configuration via the cnf parameter.

An exploitable code execution vulnerability exists in the trapper command functionality of Zabbix Server 2.4.X. A specially crafted set of packets can cause a command injection resulting in remote code execution. An attacker can make requests from an active Zabbix Proxy to trigger this vulnerability.

Zabbix Server 2.2.x and 3.0.x before 3.0.31, and 3.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.