Forced OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw user input in tag attributes, may lead to remote code execution. Affected software : Apache Struts 2.0.0 - Struts 2.5.25.

Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.15 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL expressions via a parameter with a crafted (1) action:, (2) redirect:, or (3) redirectAction: prefix.

The ExceptionDelegator component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during certain exception handling for mismatched data types of properties, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java code via a crafted parameter.

A vulnerability introduced by forcing parameter inclusion in the URL and Anchor Tag allows remote command execution, session access and manipulation and XSS attacks.

both the s:url and s:a tag provide an includeParams attribute.

The main scope of that attribute is to understand whether includes http request parameter or not.

The allowed values of includeParams are:

none - include no parameters in the URL (default) get - include only GET parameters in the URL all - include both GET and POST parameters in the URL

A request that included a specially crafted request parameter could be used to inject arbitrary OGNL code into the stack, afterward used as request parameter of an URL or A tag , which will cause a further evaluation.

The second evaluation happens when the URL/A tag tries to resolve every parameters present in the original request. This lets malicious users put arbitrary OGNL statements into any request parameter (not necessarily managed by the code) and have it evaluated as an OGNL expression to enable method execution and execute arbitrary methods, bypassing Struts and OGNL library protections.

The issue was originally addressed by Struts 2.3.14.1 and Security Announcement S2-013. However, the solution introduced with 2.3.14.1 did not address all possible attack vectors, such that every version of Struts 2 before 2.3.14.2 is still vulnerable to such attacks.

A local code execution issue exists in Apache Struts2 when processing malformed XSLT files, which could let a malicious user upload and execute arbitrary files.

Denial of Service vulnerability in Apache Struts, file leak in multipart request processing causes disk exhaustion.

This issue affects Apache Struts: from 2.0.0 through 6.7.4, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.3.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 6.8.0 or 7.1.1, which fixes the issue.

Missing XML Validation vulnerability in Apache Struts, Apache Struts.

This issue affects Apache Struts: from 2.0.0 before 2.2.1; Apache Struts: from 2.2.1 through 6.1.0.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 6.1.1, which fixes the issue.

Denial of Service vulnerability in Apache Struts, file leak in multipart request processing causes disk exhaustion.

This issue affects Apache Struts: from 2.0.0 through 6.7.0, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.3.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 6.8.0 or 7.1.1, which fixes the issue.

Allocation of resources without limits or throttling vulnerability in Apache Struts. When no fixed locale is configured, the locale used for localized-text lookups is taken from the incoming request, allowing an unauthenticated remote client to cause the framework's internal localized-text caches to grow without bound and exhaust the Java heap, denying service to other users. Applications that configure a fixed locale are not affected.

This issue affects Apache Struts: from 2.0.0 through 2.3.37, from 2.5.0 through 2.5.33, from 6.0.0 through 6.10.0, from 7.0.0 through 7.2.1.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 6.11.0 or 7.3.0, which fixes the issue.

It was found that the fix for CVE-2014-0094 was incomplete. The Struts 2 ParametersInterceptor was updated to block access to the 'class' parameter, but not all forms in which this parameter can be specified were blocked. A remote attacker could use this flaw to manipulate the ClassLoader used by the application server running Struts 2. This could lead to arbitrary remote code execution under certain conditions.

This flaw is reported to affect Struts 2.0.0 through to Struts 2.3.16.1. It is corrected in 2.3.16.2.

External References:

https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-021

CookieInterceptor in Apache Struts before 2.3.20, when a wildcard cookiesName value is used, does not properly restrict access to the getClass method, which allows remote attackers to "manipulate" the ClassLoader and execute arbitrary code via a crafted request. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2014-0094.

The token check mechanism in Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.4 does not properly validate the token name configuration parameter, which allows remote attackers to perform cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks by setting the token name configuration parameter to a session attribute.

CookieInterceptor in Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.20, when a wildcard cookiesName value is used, does not properly restrict access to the getClass method, which allows remote attackers to "manipulate" the ClassLoader and modify session state via a crafted request. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2014-0113.

It was found that the Struts 2 ParametersInterceptor allows access to the 'class' parameter, which is directly mapped to the getClass() method. A remote attacker could use this flaw to manipulate the ClassLoader used by the application server running Struts 2. This could lead to arbitrary remote code execution under certain conditions.

This flaw is reported to affect Struts 2.0.0 through to Struts 2.3.16. It is corrected in 2.3.16.1.

External References:

https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-020

Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a long parameter name, which is processed as an OGNL expression.

ParametersInterceptor in OpenSymphony XWork 2.0.x before 2.0.6 and 2.1.x before 2.1.2, as used in Apache Struts and other products, does not properly restrict # (pound sign) references to context objects, which allows remote attackers to execute Object-Graph Navigation Language (OGNL) statements and modify server-side context objects, as demonstrated by use of a \u0023 representation for the # character.

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in component handlers in the javatemplates (aka Java Templates) plugin in Apache Struts 2.x before 2.2.3 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via an arbitrary parameter value to a .action URI, related to improper handling of value attributes in (1) FileHandler.java, (2) HiddenHandler.java, (3) PasswordHandler.java, (4) RadioHandler.java, (5) ResetHandler.java, (6) SelectHandler.java, (7) SubmitHandler.java, and (8) TextFieldHandler.java.