exceljs-hardened before 5.0.0 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the deepMerge helper that fails to reject proto, constructor, or prototype keys when merging note objects. Attackers can assign parsed JSON with a malicious proto property to cell notes, modifying Object.prototype and affecting all plain objects created in the process.

exceljs-hardened before 5.0.0 contains a path traversal vulnerability in the Workbook.addImage() function that fails to validate file paths. Attackers can supply arbitrary file paths to read any file accessible to the Node.js process and embed it in the generated workbook.

exceljs-hardened versions before 5.0.0 fail to neutralize leading equals, plus, minus, or at signs in cell values written to CSV output. Attackers who can influence exported cell values can inject formulas that execute when the CSV file is opened in a spreadsheet application, potentially exfiltrating data or performing other malicious actions.