Requires malware code to misuse the DDK kernel module IOCTL interface.

Such code can use the interface in an unsupported way that allows subversion of the GPU to perform writes to arbitrary physical memory pages.

The product utilises a shared resource in a concurrent manner but does not attempt to synchronise access to the resource.

Software installed and run as a non-privileged user may conduct improper GPU system calls to gain write permissions to memory buffers exported as read-only.

This is caused by improper handling of the memory protections for the buffer resource.

Possible kernel exceptions caused by reading and writing kernel heap data after free.