Software installed and run as a non-privileged user may conduct improper GPU system calls to manipulate the lifetimes of synchronisation objects in the kernel, leading to read/write UAFs.

During workload submission involving a fence exported by the GPU driver, the reference count of the underlying synchronisation primitive is not properly incremented. This can be exploited, by destroying the exported fence and prematurely release the underlying primitive, resulting in a potential use-after-free condition.

Software installed and run as a non-privileged user may conduct improper GPU system calls to gain write permissions to memory buffers exported as read-only.

This is caused by improper handling of the memory protections for the buffer resource.

Possible kernel exceptions caused by reading and writing kernel heap data after free.