The WINS service (wins.exe) on Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0, Windows 2000 Server, and Windows Server 2003 allows remote attackers to write to arbitrary memory locations and possibly execute arbitrary code via a modified memory pointer in a WINS replication packet to TCP port 42, aka the "Association Context Vulnerability."

Microsoft Proxy Server 2.0 and Microsoft ISA Server 2000 (which is included in Small Business Server 2000 and Small Business Server 2003 Premium Edition) allows remote attackers to spoof trusted Internet content on a specially crafted webpage via spoofed reverse DNS lookup results.

The License Logging service for Windows NT Server, Windows 2000 Server, and Windows Server 2003 does not properly validate the length of messages, which leads to an "unchecked buffer" and allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code, aka the "License Logging Service Vulnerability."

The default configuration of Microsoft Windows uses the Web Proxy Autodiscovery Protocol (WPAD) without static WPAD entries, which might allow remote attackers to intercept web traffic by registering a proxy server using WINS or DNS, then responding to WPAD requests, as demonstrated using Internet Explorer. NOTE: it could be argued that if an attacker already has control over WINS/DNS, then web traffic could already be intercepted by modifying WINS or DNS records, so this would not cross privilege boundaries and would not be a vulnerability. It has also been reported that DHCP is an alternate attack vector.