MOOS core-moos through 10.4.0 contains a pre-authentication heap overflow vulnerability in MOOSCommPkt packet handling that allows remote attackers to write arbitrary data by declaring a negative packet length. Attackers can exploit the signed integer check in InflateTo() and negative size conversion in recv() to overflow a four-byte heap buffer during the HandShake phase before authentication.

MOOS core-moos through 10.4.0 fails to validate that serialized string lengths are non-negative in CMOOSMsg::operator>>. Unauthenticated attackers can send a crafted message with a negative length value to the MOOSDB port, causing an unhandled exception that terminates the database process.

MOOS core-moos through 10.4.0 fails to escape database contents when rendering MOOSDB HTTP pages, allowing attackers to inject malicious scripts. Any MOOS publisher can set variable values containing script payloads that execute in the browser of operators viewing the web interface.