On Intel CPUs sysret to non-canonical address causes a fault on the sysret instruction itself after the stack pointer is set to guest value but before the CPL is changed. Systems running on AMD CPUs are not vulnerable to this issue as sysret on AMD CPUs does not generate a fault before the CPL change.

On Xen, a privileged user on a 64 bit PV guest kernel running on a 64 bit hypervisor could use this flaw to escalate privileges to that of the host. Depending on the particular guest kernel it is also possible that non-privileged guest users could also elevate their privileges to that of the host.

For Red Hat Enterprise Linux guests, only privileged guest users can exploit this issue. HVM guests and 32-bit PV guests cannot be used to exploit this issue.

Acknowledgements:

Red Hat would like to thank the Xen project for reporting this issue. Upstream acknowledges Rafal Wojtczuk as the original reporter.

The fetchurl function in usr.bin/ftp/fetch.c in tnftp, as used in NetBSD 5.1 through 5.1.4, 5.2 through 5.2.2, 6.0 through 6.0.6, and 6.1 through 6.1.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a | (pipe) character at the end of an HTTP redirect.

bozotic HTTP server (aka bozohttpd) before 20140708, as used in NetBSD, truncates paths when checking .htpasswd restrictions, which allows remote attackers to bypass the HTTP authentication scheme and access restrictions via a long path.