LangChain is a framework for building agents and LLM-powered applications. Prior to 1.1.14, langchain-openai's urltosize() helper (used by getnumtokensfrommessages for image token counting) validated URLs for SSRF protection and then fetched them in a separate network operation with independent DNS resolution. This left a TOCTOU / DNS rebinding window: an attacker-controlled hostname could resolve to a public IP during validation and then to a private/localhost IP during the actual fetch.