A BIOS bug in firmware for a particular PC model leaves the Platform authorization value empty. This can be used to permanently brick the TPM in multiple ways, as well as to non-permanently DoS the system.

Function IscsiMisc.c:IScsiHexToBin() in NetworkPkg/IScsiDxe does not correctly check the sizes of the input and output buffers, allowing an attacker who can control the input buffer to cause a buffer overflow in the destination buffer. Function IScsiHexToBin is used to decode strings passed as part of iSCSI Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol(CHAP), before authentication takes place. Thus an attacker, who can either inject himself in the communication between edk2 and the iSCSI target or control the iSCSI target used by edk2, can trigger this flaw and potentially execute code in the edk2 firmware.

Upstream bug: https://bugzilla.tianocore.org/showbug.cgi?id=3356