A vulnerability in the web interface of Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center (FMC) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to log in to an affected device using a low-privileged account to access sensitive data within the impacted systems. This vulnerability is due to the presence of static user credentials for a low-privileged account. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using the account to log in to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to log in to the affected system and access sensitive data as the low-privileged user.  Note: If the FMC management interface does not have public internet access, the attack surface that is associated with this vulnerability is reduced.   Cisco has assigned this security advisory a Security Impact Rating (SIR) of High rather than Medium as the score indicates. The reason is that this vulnerability can be used with other Cisco Secure FMC Software vulnerabilities to elevate privileges.

Multiple vulnerabilities in the Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) decryption functionality of Cisco Secure Email could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to recover plain text from encrypted email messages. These vulnerabilities are due to insufficient validation of message integrity. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by using a machine-in-the-middle technique to intercept and modify traffic between email gateways. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain plaintext content from the encrypted communication.

Multiple vulnerabilities in the Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) decryption functionality of Cisco Secure Email could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to recover plain text from encrypted email messages. These vulnerabilities are due to insufficient validation of message integrity. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by using a machine-in-the-middle technique to intercept and modify traffic between email gateways. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain plaintext content from the encrypted communication.

A vulnerability in the lockdown mechanism of Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center (FMC) Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to perform arbitrary commands as root. This vulnerability is due to insufficient restrictions on remediation modules while in lockdown mode. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted input to the system CLI of the affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to run arbitrary commands or code as root, even when the system is in lockdown mode. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid administrative credentials.

Multiple Cisco products are affected by a vulnerability in the Snort 3 Detection Engine that could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the Snort 3 Detection Engine to restart, resulting in an interruption of packet inspection. This vulnerability is due to incomplete parsing of the SSL handshake ingress packets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted SSL handshake packets. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition when the Snort 3 Detection Engine restarts unexpectedly.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IMC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with Admin privileges to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected system and elevate privileges to root.  This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by entering crafted inputs to the web-based management interface of the affected software. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as the root user.  Cisco has assigned this vulnerability a SIR of High rather than Medium as the score indicates because additional security implications could occur when the attacker becomes root.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IMC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with admin-level privileges to execute arbitrary code as the root user. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input to the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system as the root user. Cisco has assigned this vulnerability a SIR of High rather than Medium as the score indicates because additional security implications could occur when the attacker becomes root.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IMC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with admin-level privileges to perform command injection attacks on an affected system and execute arbitrary commands as the root user. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted commands to the web-based management interface of the affected software. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as the root user. Cisco has assigned this vulnerability a Security Impact Rating (SIR) of High, rather than Medium as the score indicates, because additional security implications could occur once the attacker has become root.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IMC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with admin-level privileges to perform command injection attacks on an affected system and execute arbitrary commands as the root user. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted commands to the web-based management interface of the affected software. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as the root user. Cisco has assigned this vulnerability a Security Impact Rating (SIR) of High, rather than Medium as the score indicates, because additional security implications could occur once the attacker has become root.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IMC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with administrative privileges to conduct a stored XSS attack against a user of the interface. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of an affected interface to click a crafted link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the browser of the targeted user or access sensitive, browser-based information.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IMC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with administrative privileges to conduct a stored XSS attack against a user of the interface. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of an affected interface to click a crafted link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the browser of the targeted user or access sensitive, browser-based information.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IMC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with administrative privileges to conduct a stored XSS attack against a user of the interface. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of an affected interface to click a crafted link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the browser of the targeted user or access sensitive, browser-based information.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IMC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with administrative privileges to conduct a stored XSS attack against a user of the interface. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of an affected interface to click a crafted link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the browser of the targeted user or access sensitive, browser-based information.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IMC could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct a reflected XSS attack against a user of the interface. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of an affected interface to click a crafted link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the browser of the targeted user or access sensitive, browser-based information.

A vulnerability in the upgrade component of Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, local attacker to install a malicious file when upgrading. The vulnerability is due to insufficient signature validation. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by providing a crafted upgrade file. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to upload crafted code to the affected device.

A vulnerability in the directory permissions of Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to perform a directory traversal attack on a limited set of restricted directories. The vulnerability is due to a flaw in the logic that governs directory permissions. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using capabilities that are not controlled by the role-based access control (RBAC) mechanisms of the software. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to overwrite files on an affected device.

A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain root shell access to the underlying operating system and overwrite or read arbitrary files. The attacker would need valid administrative credentials. This vulnerability is due to improper input validation of CLI command arguments. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using path traversal techniques when executing a vulnerable command. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to gain root shell access to the underlying operating system and overwrite or read arbitrary files on an affected device.

A vulnerability the Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) restricted CLI could allow an authenticated, local attacker with valid administrator-level credentials to elevate privileges and execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as root. The vulnerability is due to insufficient restrictions during the execution of an affected CLI command. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by leveraging the insufficient restrictions during the execution of an affected command. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to elevate privileges and execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as root.

A vulnerability in the web portal of Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to view a password in clear text. The vulnerability is due to incorrectly logging the admin password when a user is forced to modify the default password when logging in to the web portal for the first time. Subsequent password changes are not logged and other accounts are not affected. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by viewing the admin clear text password and using it to access the affected system. The attacker would need a valid user account to exploit this vulnerability.

A vulnerability in Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to read arbitrary files on the underlying operating system (OS) of an affected device. The vulnerability is due to the improper input validation of tar packages uploaded through the Web Portal to the Image Repository. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by uploading a crafted tar package and viewing the log entries that are generated. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to read arbitrary files on the underlying OS.

A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, local attacker to overwrite or read arbitrary files. The attacker would need valid administrator privilege-level credentials. This vulnerability is due to improper input validation of CLI command arguments. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using directory traversal techniques when executing a vulnerable command. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to overwrite or read arbitrary files on an affected device.

Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, local attacker to read arbitrary files on the underlying operating system (OS) of an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication and get limited access to the web-based management interface. The vulnerability is due to an incorrect implementation of authentication in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted authentication request to the web-based management interface on an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to view limited configuration details and potentially upload a virtual machine image.

Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, local attacker to read arbitrary files on the underlying operating system (OS) of an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

A vulnerability in the web portal framework of Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to conduct a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack against a user of the web-based interface. The vulnerability is due to improper input validation of log file content stored on the affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by modifying a log file with malicious code and getting a user to view the modified log file. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the context of the affected interface or to access sensitive, browser-based information.

In Cisco Talos Intelligence for Enterprise Security Cloud versions below 1.0.3, an unauthenticated user could access the add-on OpenAPI specification through Splunk Web static file paths. The exposed specification could allow for reconnaissance of the add-on Representational State Transfer (REST) API endpoints and authentication model. The vulnerability is possible because the generated OpenAPI specification is packaged in a static file path that Splunk Web serves without authentication. For more information see Deploy Cisco Talos Intelligence for Splunk Enterprise Security (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise-security-8/user-guide/8.0/introduction/deploy-cisco-talos-intelligence-for-splunk-enterprise-security-cloud-only) in the Splunk documentation.

In versions below 2.4.5 of the Cisco Secure Malware Analytics app for Splunk SOAR, a user who holds a role with permission to run actions could expose a sensitive sample password by invoking the detonate file action, because the action's samplepassword parameter is not masked and is shown in cleartext in the user interface. The information disclosure is possible because the app does not mark the affected action parameter as a password. For more information see Run an action in Splunk SOAR (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-soar/soar-on-premises/use-splunk-soar-on-premises/8.6.0/use-the-command-line-interface-to-perform-tasks-in-splunk-soar-on-premises/run-an-action-in-splunk-soar-on-premises).

A vulnerability in the TLS cryptography functionality of the Snort 3 Detection Engine of Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the Snort 3 Detection Engine to unexpectedly restart, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. This vulnerability is due to improper implementation of the TLS protocol. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted TLS packet to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause a device that is running Cisco Secure FTD Software to drop network traffic, resulting in a DoS condition.  Note: TLS 1.3 is not affected by this vulnerability.

A vulnerability in the Snort 2 and Snort 3 deep packet inspection of Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass configured Snort rules and allow traffic onto the network that should have been dropped. This vulnerability is due to a logic error in the integration of the Snort Engine rules with Cisco Secure FTD Software that could allow different Snort rules to be hit when deep inspection of the packet is performed for the inner and outer connections. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted traffic to a targeted device that would hit configured Snort rules. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to send traffic to a network where it should have been denied.

A vulnerability in the memory management handling for the Snort 3 Detection Engine of Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the Snort 3 Detection Engine to restart. This vulnerability is due to a logic error in memory management when a device is performing Snort 3 SSL packet inspection. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted SSL packets through an established connection to be parsed by the Snort 3 Detection Engine. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition when the Snort 3 Detection Engine unexpectedly restarts.