Argument Injection in PHP-CGI

Chromium: CVE-2024-5274 Type Confusion in V8

Chromium: CVE-2024-4761 Out of bounds write in V8

Cacti provides an operational monitoring and fault management framework. Prior to version 1.2.27, an arbitrary file write vulnerability, exploitable through the "Package Import" feature, allows authenticated users having the "Import Templates" permission to execute arbitrary PHP code on the web server. The vulnerability is located within the importpackage() function defined into the /lib/import.php script. The function blindly trusts the filename and file content provided within the XML data, and writes such files into the Cacti base path (or even outside, since path traversal sequences are not filtered). This can be exploited to write or overwrite arbitrary files on the web server, leading to execution of arbitrary PHP code or other security impacts. Version 1.2.27 contains a patch for this issue.

Chromium: CVE-2024-4947 Type Confusion in V8

Chromium: CVE-2024-4671 Use after free in Visuals

A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's netfilter: nftables component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation.

The nftverdictinit() function allows positive values as drop error within the hook verdict, and hence the nfhookslow() function can cause a double free vulnerability when NFDROP is issued with a drop error which resembles NFACCEPT.

We recommend upgrading past commit f342de4e2f33e0e39165d8639387aa6c19dff660.

Summary Improperly configuring static resource resolution in aiohttp when used as a web server can result in the unauthorized reading of arbitrary files on the system.

Details When using aiohttp as a web server and configuring static routes, it is necessary to specify the root path for static files. Additionally, the option 'followsymlinks' can be used to determine whether to follow symbolic links outside the static root directory. When 'followsymlinks' is set to True, there is no validation to check if a given file path is within the root directory.This can lead to directory traversal vulnerabilities, resulting in unauthorized access to arbitrary files on the system, even when symlinks are not present.

i.e. An application is only vulnerable with setup code like: app.router.addroutes([ web.static("/static", "static/", followsymlinks=True), # Remove followsymlinks to avoid the vulnerability ])

Impact This is a directory traversal vulnerability with CWE ID 22. When using aiohttp as a web server and enabling static resource resolution with followsymlinks set to True, it can lead to this vulnerability. This vulnerability has been present since the introduction of the followsymlinks parameter.

Workaround Even if upgrading to a patched version of aiohttp, we recommend following these steps regardless.

If using followsymlinks=True outside of a restricted local development environment, disable the option immediately. This option is NOT needed to follow symlinks which point to a location within the static root directory, it is only intended to allow a symlink to break out of the static directory. Even with this CVE fixed, there is still a substantial risk of misconfiguration when using this option on a server that accepts requests from remote users.

Additionally, aiohttp has always recommended using a reverse proxy server (such as nginx) to handle static resources and not to use these static resources in aiohttp for production environments. Doing so also protects against this vulnerability, and is why we expect the number of affected users to be very low.

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Patch: https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/pull/8079/files

Chromium: CVE-2024-0519 Out of bounds memory access in V8

Spreadsheet::ParseExcel contains a remote code execution vulnerability due to passing unvalidated input from a file into a string-type “eval”. Specifically, the issue stems from the evaluation of Number format strings within the Excel parsing logic.

Chromium: CVE-2023-7024 Heap buffer overflow in WebRTC

Accessibility. A privacy issue was addressed with improved private data redaction for log entries.

A memory corruption vulnerability was addressed with improved locking. This issue is fixed in iOS 17.1.2 and iPadOS 17.1.2, macOS Sonoma 14.1.2, Safari 17.1.2. Processing web content may lead to arbitrary code execution. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited against versions of iOS before iOS 16.7.1.

Chromium: CVE-2023-6345 Integer overflow in Skia

Last updated 21 August 2024

HTTP/2 Rapid reset attack The HTTP/2 protocol allows clients to indicate to the server that a previous stream should be canceled by sending a RSTSTREAM frame. The protocol does not require the client and server to coordinate the cancellation in any way, the client may do it unilaterally. The client may also assume that the cancellation will take effect immediately when the server receives the RSTSTREAM frame, before any other data from that TCP connection is processed.

Abuse of this feature is called a Rapid Reset attack because it relies on the ability for an endpoint to send a RSTSTREAM frame immediately after sending a request frame, which makes the other endpoint start working and then rapidly resets the request. The request is canceled, but leaves the HTTP/2 connection open.

The HTTP/2 Rapid Reset attack built on this capability is simple: The client opens a large number of streams at once as in the standard HTTP/2 attack, but rather than waiting for a response to each request stream from the server or proxy, the client cancels each request immediately.

The ability to reset streams immediately allows each connection to have an indefinite number of requests in flight. By explicitly canceling the requests, the attacker never exceeds the limit on the number of concurrent open streams. The number of in-flight requests is no longer dependent on the round-trip time (RTT), but only on the available network bandwidth.

In a typical HTTP/2 server implementation, the server will still have to do significant amounts of work for canceled requests, such as allocating new stream data structures, parsing the query and doing header decompression, and mapping the URL to a resource. For reverse proxy implementations, the request may be proxied to the backend server before the RSTSTREAM frame is processed. The client on the other hand paid almost no costs for sending the requests. This creates an exploitable cost asymmetry between the server and the client.

Multiple software artifacts implementing HTTP/2 are affected. This advisory was originally ingested from the swift-nio-http2 repo advisory and their original conent follows.

swift-nio-http2 specific advisory swift-nio-http2 is vulnerable to a denial-of-service vulnerability in which a malicious client can create and then reset a large number of HTTP/2 streams in a short period of time. This causes swift-nio-http2 to commit to a large amount of expensive work which it then throws away, including creating entirely new Channels to serve the traffic. This can easily overwhelm an EventLoop and prevent it from making forward progress.

swift-nio-http2 1.28 contains a remediation for this issue that applies reset counter using a sliding window. This constrains the number of stream resets that may occur in a given window of time. Clients violating this limit will have their connections torn down. This allows clients to continue to cancel streams for legitimate reasons, while constraining malicious actors.

Chromium: CVE-2023-5217 Heap buffer overflow in vp8 encoding in libvpx

Airport. A permissions issue was addressed with improved redaction of sensitive information.

A buffer overflow was discovered in the GNU C Library's dynamic loader ld.so while processing the GLIBCTUNABLES environment variable. This issue could allow a local attacker to use maliciously crafted GLIBCTUNABLES environment variables when launching binaries with SUID permission to execute code with elevated privileges.

Chromium: CVE-2023-4863 Heap buffer overflow in WebP

Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. In Cacti 1.2.24, under certain conditions, an authenticated privileged user, can use a malicious string in the SNMP options of a Device, performing command injection and obtaining remote code execution on the underlying server. The lib/snmp.php file has a set of functions, with similar behavior, that accept in input some variables and place them into an exec call without a proper escape or validation. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

Chromium: CVE-2023-4762 Type Confusion in V8

.NET and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability

A fully compromised ESXi host can force VMware Tools to fail to authenticate host-to-guest operations, impacting the confidentiality and integrity of the guest virtual machine.

Chromium: CVE-2023-3079 Type Confusion in V8

Chromium: CVE-2023-2136 Integer overflow in Skia

Chromium: CVE-2023-2033 Type Confusion in V8

Chromium: CVE-2022-3075 Insufficient data validation in Mojo

An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.6.1 and iPadOS 15.6.1, macOS Monterey 12.5.1, Safari 15.6.1. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited.

Google Chromium Intents contains an insufficient validation of untrusted input vulnerability that allows a remote attacker to browse to a malicious website via a crafted HTML page. This vulnerability could affect multiple web browsers that utilize Chromium, including, but not limited to, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, and Opera.