Microsoft UFO is an open-source framework for intelligent automation across devices and platforms. Prior to 3.0.9, the runshell tool in the CommandLineExecutor component of ufo/client/mcp/localservers/climcpserver.py validates only the first token of the bashcommand parameter and permits explorer.exe. On Windows, explorer.exe delegates its following path argument to ShellExecute, so an attacker-influenced agent call can launch an arbitrary executable or script as the desktop user even though the subprocess uses shell=False. Exploitation depends on a user running an affected agent workflow and on inducing the tool call, but successful execution can access or modify that user's files, tokens, and sessions. This issue is fixed in version 3.0.9.

Impact

An attacker who controls or tampers with an OpenAPI description can cause Kiota to emit attacker-controlled Java or PHP source outside a generated documentation comment. The affected sanitizers remove comment terminators rather than neutralizing them, allowing a terminator to reform from overlapping characters or from subsequent normalization. The Java sanitizer also removes non-ASCII characters after removing terminators, which can create a new terminator.

Exploitation requires a developer or build pipeline to generate a client from the malicious description and subsequently compile and load the Java output, or load the PHP output. Code executes in the consuming application's or build environment's security context, not merely because Kiota reads the description.

Affected versions

The affected NuGet packages are Microsoft.OpenApi.Kiota and Microsoft.OpenApi.Kiota.Builder. The Java normalization-order defect was introduced in version 0.5.0 and remains present through version 1.34.1, including the separate 1.29.1 security-backport release. The PHP delimiter-reformation variant is also present in version 1.34.1 and 1.29.1. Version 1.35.0 fixes both variants.

The package version range below reflects the Java defect; it does not assert that PHP generation existed in every version in that range.

Patches

Upgrade to Kiota 1.35.0 or later and regenerate affected clients. The fix neutralizes block-comment delimiters instead of deleting them, and performs Java delimiter neutralization after non-ASCII normalization.

- Fix: https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/pull/8017 - Fixed release: https://github.com/microsoft/kiota/releases/tag/v1.35.0

Workarounds

Until upgrading, generate clients only from trusted, integrity-protected OpenAPI descriptions. Review generated Java and PHP source before compiling, loading, or deploying it. Restrict the privileges and secrets available to generation and build environments.

Related advisories

This is distinct from PHP double-quoted string interpolation (GHSA-jqwh-526h-c92j) and C# XML documentation newline breakout (GHSA-3hrf-2gc2-mx32). Those fixes do not address Java/PHP block-comment delimiter reformation.

A flaw was discovered in the qemu code for temporarily exposing an NBD server (used for storage migration and other tasks), where qemu can crash if a client still has a socket open at the time the server is taken offline. Even when qemu is set up to only accept clients with proper TLS credentials, an attacker without the TLS credentials can exploit the flaw by connecting a second socket while a storage migration is ongoing through the intended socket, where the attacker then stalls the NBD handshake to not reach the point of the TLS negotiation, then waiting for the server to go offline. When the NBD server is stopped, closing the attacker's socket can cause qemu to crash, forming a denial of service attack.

A stack buffer overflow was found in ICU version 76.0.1. While running the genrb binary the 'subtag' struct is overflowed in SRBRoot::addTag function. This may lead to memory corruption and arbitrary code execution.

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Microsoft Exchange Outlook Web Access (OWA) fails to properly handle web requests. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could perform script/content injection attacks and attempt to trick the user into disclosing sensitive information. To exploit the vulnerability, an attacker could send a specially crafted email message containing a malicious link to a user. Alternatively, an attacker could use a chat client to social engineer a user into clicking the malicious link. The security update addresses the vulnerability by correcting how Microsoft Exchange validates web requests. Note: In order to exploit this vulnerability, a user must click a maliciously crafted link from an attacker.

openvt -u is intended to identify the owner of the current VT and then execute login as that user from a privileged context. In the documented kbrequest/init usage, the ownership test in authenticateuser() relies on stat("/proc/<pid>/fd/0"). stat() on /proc/<pid>/fd/0 follows the symlink to the underlying TTY device node. As a result, buf.stuid reflects the owner of the TTY node rather than the owner of the process holding the file descriptor. If the TTY owner returns to root or the getty owner after logout while an unprivileged process still has fd 0 attached to that TTY, the check can incorrectly treat that process as belonging to the privileged console owner. Once that check succeeds, the -u path executes a passwordless login as the selected user. In the documented kbrequest/init deployment using openvt -us, this can result in passwordless login -f root on the spawned VT. This report establishes that privilege escalation path for that documented deployment; it does not claim equivalent reachability for deployments that do not use openvt -u from a privileged kbrequest/init path.

A double free issue has been identified in libarchive's RAR5 reader. During parsing of a specially crafted RAR5 archive, the filteredbuf pointer may remain stale after being freed during unpacking state reinitialization. Subsequent processing of another archive entry can trigger a second free of the same memory region, resulting in a double-free condition. Successful exploitation may cause applications using the vulnerable libarchive API to terminate unexpectedly, leading to a denial of service.

A flaw was found in GLib. The D-Bus client-side implementation of the DBUSCOOKIESHA1 SASL authentication mechanism does not validate the cookiecontext parameter received from the server. A malicious D-Bus server can supply a cookiecontext containing path traversal sequences, causing the client to read an arbitrary file and exfiltrate sensitive data by verifying guessed file contents against a generated hash.

A flaw was found in GLib. An off-by-one error can occur in the gkeyfilegetlocalestringlist function in the gkeyfile.c file when loading a key file with an empty value. This flaw can cause an out-of-bounds access of 1 byte or a denial of service when the out-of-bounds access crosses a page boundary.

A flaw was found in the OpenSSH package. For each ping packet the SSH server receives, a pong packet is allocated in a memory buffer and stored in a queue of packages. It is only freed when the server/client key exchange has finished. A malicious client may keep sending such packages, leading to an uncontrolled increase in memory consumption on the server side. Consequently, the server may become unavailable, resulting in a denial of service attack.

Buffer Overflow vulnerability in GifLib Project GifLib v.5.2.1 allows a local attacker to obtain sensitive information via the DumpSCreen2RGB function in gif2rgb.c

A user can feed a specially crafted input to git apply to overwrite a path outside the working tree.

A malicious actor that has been granted Guest Operation Privileges https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-vSphere/8.0/vsphere-security/GUID-6A952214-0E5E-4CCF-9D2A-90948FF643EC.html  in a target virtual machine may be able to elevate their privileges if that target virtual machine has been assigned a more privileged Guest Alias https://vdc-download.vmware.com/vmwb-repository/dcr-public/d1902b0e-d479-46bf-8ac9-cee0e31e8ec0/07ce8dbd-db48-4261-9b8f-c6d3ad8ba472/vim.vm.guest.AliasManager.html .

Visual Studio Code Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Windows Kerberos Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Windows Kerberos Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Visual Studio Code Remote Development Extension Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

.NET Denial of Service Vulnerability

Visual Studio Code Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Apache Tomcat could allow a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information, caused by an issue when the HTTP request header value can be reused from the previous stream received on an HTTP/2 connection. By sending a specially-crafted HTTP request, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to obtain sensitive information, and use this information to launch further attacks against the affected system.

inftrees.c in zlib 1.2.8 might allow context-dependent attackers to have unspecified impact by leveraging improper pointer arithmetic

It was reported that when executing a program via "pkexec --user nonpriv program", the nonpriv session can escape to the parent session by using the TIOCSTI ioctl to push characters into the terminal's input buffer, allowing privilege escalation.

Original bug report (contains reproducer):

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/showbug.cgi?id=1299955

Azure Event Grid Spoofing Vulnerability

Azure API Center Information Disclosure Vulnerability

MITRE: CVE-2025-59489 Unity Gaming Engine Editor vulnerability

Microsoft SQL OLE DB Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

In Python before 3.10.3 on Windows, local users can gain privileges because the search path is inadequately secured. The installer may allow a local attacker to add user-writable directories to the system search path. To exploit, an administrator must have installed Python for all users and enabled PATH entries. A non-administrative user can trigger a repair that incorrectly adds user-writable paths into PATH, enabling search-path hijacking of other users and system services. This affects Python (CPython) through 3.7.12, 3.8.x through 3.8.12, 3.9.x through 3.9.10, and 3.10.x through 3.10.2.

Crafted input may cause the jsoup HTML and XML parser to get stuck, timeout, or throw unchecked exceptions

A flaw was found in the way Bundler determined the source repository when installing dependencies of source-restricted gem packages. In configurations that use multiple gem repositories and explicitly define from which source repository certain gems are to be installed, a dependency of a source-restricted gem could be installed form a different source if that repository provided higher version of the package. This could lead to installation of a malicious gem version and arbitrary code execution.

In Python 3.6 through 3.6.10, 3.7 through 3.7.8, 3.8 through 3.8.4rc1, and 3.9 through 3.9.0b4 on Windows, a Trojan horse python3.dll might be used in cases where CPython is embedded in a native application. This occurs because python3X.dll may use an invalid search path for python3.dll loading (after PySetPath has been used). NOTE: this issue CANNOT occur when using python.exe from a standard (non-embedded) Python installation on Windows.