Modoboa before 2.8.0 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows authenticated users to create auto-reply messages for arbitrary mailboxes by supplying another user's mbox value. Attackers can POST to /api/v2/armessages/ to inject attacker-controlled auto-reply subject and content into victims' settings or break their auto-reply management via MultipleObjectsReturned errors.

Modoboa before 2.8.0 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows authenticated users to delete alarms of other domains via the POST /api/v2/alarms/bulkdelete/ action. Attackers can enumerate sequential alarm IDs to delete DNS, MX and blocklist monitoring alarms server-wide, hiding problems from responsible administrators.

Modoboa before 2.9.0 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability in the PUT /api/v1/accounts/{pk}/password/ endpoint that allows domain administrators to change any user's password. Attackers with domain admin privileges can bypass object-level access controls to reset superadmin passwords and achieve full account takeover.

Summary

execcmd() in modoboa/lib/sysutils.py always runs subprocess calls with shell=True. Since domain names flow directly into shell command strings without any sanitization, a Reseller or SuperAdmin can include shell metacharacters in a domain name to run arbitrary OS commands on the server.

Details

The root cause is in modoboa/lib/sysutils.py:31:

python kwargs["shell"] = True process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, kwargs)

When a create a domain is created with DKIM enabled, the domain name gets embedded into a shell command like this:

python execcmd(f"openssl genrsa -out {dkimstoragedir}/{domain.name}.pem {keysize}")

If the domain name contains something like $(id>/tmp/proof).example.com, the shell executes the injected command before running openssl.

The same pattern appears in several other places:

- modoboa/admin/jobs.py:38 — mailbox rename via mv using fulladdress - modoboa/amavis/lib.py:202 — sa-learn using domain.name - modoboa/admin/models/mailbox.py:150 — doveadm user using fulladdress - modoboa/maillog/graphics.py:105–107 — rrdtool using domain.name - modoboa/webmail/models.py:54–57 — doveadm move/delete using account.email

PoC

1. Deploy modoboa <= 2.7.0 2. Log in as a Reseller or SuperAdmin 3. Create a new domain named $(id>/tmp/proof).example.com with DKIM enabled 4. SSH into the server and read /tmp/proof

Something like this will be displayed:

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)

Confirmed on commit b521bcb4f (latest main at time of discovery).

Impact

An attacker with Reseller-level access (or higher) can execute arbitrary OS commands on the mail server — in a typical Modoboa deployment this means running as root. All six identified sinks are reachable through normal application workflows.

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.2.2.

Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - DOM in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.2.2.

Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - DOM in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.2.2.

Improper Authorization in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.1.0.

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.1.0.

Modoboa 2.0.5 and prior allows users to set unsafe passwords, such as 1 or HACK. This issue is fixed in commit 130257c96a2392ada795785a91178e656e27015c and is part of version 2.1.0.

Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - Reflected in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.45.

Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa-installer prior to 2.0.4.

Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4.

Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - Stored in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4.

Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - Stored in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4.

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4.

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4.

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4.

The modoboa-dmarc plugin 1.1.0 for Modoboa is vulnerable to an XML External Entity Injection (XXE) attack when processing XML data. A remote attacker could exploit this to perform a denial of service against the DMARC reporting functionality, such as by referencing the /dev/random file within XML documents that are emailed to the address in the rua field of the DMARC records of a domain.