CFITSIO through 4.7.0 contains a heap-based out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the HCOMPRESS tile decoder that allows attackers to read past the compressed tile buffer via inputnnybble in fitshdecompress.c. Attackers can supply a crafted FITS file with ZCMPTYPE HCOMPRESS1 declaring oversized tile geometry to crash applications calling fitsreadpix or disclose limited heap memory.

CFITSIO through 4.7.0 contains a heap-based out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the imcompress.c unquantize helpers that allows attackers to read memory before the fitsrandvalue table via a zero or negative ZDITHER0 seed. Attackers can supply a crafted FITS file with a SUBTRACTIVEDITHER1 compressed image, read through fitsopenfile() and fitsreadpix(), to cause crashes or leak heap contents in decoded pixels.

F´ (F Prime) is a framework that enables development and deployment of spaceflight and other embedded software applications. Prior to 4.3.0, Svc::TlmPacketizer TlmRecvhandler fixed-slot copy TlmRecvhandler copies val.getSize bytes into entry.channelSize storage without confirming that the runtime value fits. When a telemetry update for a configured channel carries a serialized value larger than that channel fixed slot, the copy overwrites adjacent channel fields and causes corrupted packetized telemetry to be emitted. This issue is fixed in version 4.3.0.

A flaw has been found in NASA cFS up to 7.0.1. This issue affects the function CFEFSParseInputFileNameEx of the file cfe/modules/fs/fsw/src/cfefsapi.c. This manipulation causes out-of-bounds read. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The pull request to fix this issue awaits acceptance.

NASA CryptoLib 1.5.0 contains an authentication downgrade vulnerability in the Telecommand (TC) receive path. The receiver selects the Security Association used for SDLS processing solely from the SPI field inside the incoming frame, but it does not verify that the selected SA is authorized for the frame's GVCID.

A security flaw has been discovered in NASA cFS up to 7.0.1. The affected element is the function CFESBGetUserDataLength of the file src/cFS/cfe/modules/sb/fsw/src/cfesbutil.c of the component cFE Software Bus. Performing a manipulation of the argument TotalMsgSize/HdrSize results in integer underflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A vulnerability was identified in NASA cFS up to 7.0.1. Impacted is the function OSread of the file modules/protocol/tcp/fsw/src/sbntcpif.c of the component SBN TCP Module. Such manipulation of the argument MsgSz leads to buffer overflow. The attack must be carried out from within the local network. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A vulnerability was determined in NASA Trick 19.6.0. This issue affects the function JSONVariableServerThread::parserequest of the file tricksource/simservices/JSONVariableServer/JSONVariableServerThread.cpp of the component TCP Socket Handler. This manipulation causes stack-based buffer overflow. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

An OS command injection vulnerability in NASA HyperCP (main branch) allows a network-adjacent attacker who can intercept or spoof responses from oceandata.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov to execute arbitrary system commands on the researcher's workstation.

An issue in the CFCFDPRecvMd() component of NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to contrl where received content and data is stored, possibly leading to an information disclosure.

An issue in the CFDP receive path of NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via replaying final CFDP PDUs.

A parser boundary flaw in the Software Bus Network (SBN) application's peer subscription message handling in NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via sending a crafted packet.

An issue in the HSMonitorApplications() component of NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to force the processor to reset via supplying a crafted HS.AppMonTbl entry.

Incorrect access control in the DSSetDestPathCmd() component of NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to access sensitive components via a path traversal.

Incorrect access control in NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to arbitrarily remove low-index subscriptions and add new streams via sending TOLAB add/remove subscription commands.

An issue in the SBN UDP interface of NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via transmitting a crafted SBN frame.

An incomplete fix for CVE-2026-15352 in the NASA core Flight System (cFS) Health and Safety (HS) application leaves a separate NULL pointer dereference reachable in versions through 7.0.1. An attacker who can trigger the affected command under specific conditions could cause the HS application to crash, resulting in a denial-of-service condition and processor reset.

AMMOS Instrument Toolkit (AIT) Deep Space Network (DSN) Interface before 2.2.2 contains a missing authentication vulnerability in the Space Link Extension (SLE) interface manager that allows unauthenticated network attackers to access seven unprotected API routes by sending direct HTTP requests with no credentials. Attackers can reach the exposed SLE endpoints to start or stop Deep Space Network communication sessions, retrieve telemetry frame data, and inject arbitrary frames into active spacecraft links.

AMMOS Instrument Toolkit (AIT) GUI before 2.5.1 contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows any unauthenticated network attacker to obtain a valid session and issue arbitrary spacecraft commands by calling Sessions.create() without any credential check. Attackers can exploit the unauthenticated session issuance in Sessions.create() and subsequently invoke handlecmd() to forward arbitrary commands directly to the AIT command bus without any authentication gate between session creation and command dispatch.

The AMMOS Instrument Toolkit (Formerly the Bespoke Links to Instruments for Surface and Space (BLISS)) is a Python-based software suite developed to handle Ground Data System (GDS), Electronic Ground Support Equipment (EGSE), commanding, telemetry uplink/downlink, and sequencing for instrument and CubeSat Missions. In versions prior to 2.6.1 and in version 3.1.0, the Binary Stream Capture (BSC) component exposes an unauthenticated HTTP API for dynamically creating packet capture "handlers." Because the code blindly trusts path‑related form fields, a remote client can bypass the configured log root and direct BSC to log to arbitrary filesystem paths (path traversal / directory escape), and append attacker‑controlled data to those files, using the privileges of theait-bsc process. There are two ways for a remote attacker to trigger this. First, if the attacker has access to the network where ait-bsc is deployed (a reason for that could be that the ports are publicly accessible), the payloads can be directly sent to the server to trigger the arbitrary file append. This type of attack is demonstrated in pythonpoc.py. Second, even if the attacker does not have direct access to the network because the software is running in a local network, it is possible to exploit this if a bad actor in that network opens an attacker-controlled website (which might be a website created by an attacker, or a third-party website compromised by the attacker). The browser javascript can automatically send the requests necessary to exploit this into the local network. This is even possible if the server is only accessible on localhost. This type of attack is demonstrated by attackertcp.py and test1.html (first launch the attacker TCP server, then start a webserver to host test1.html, for example using python3 -m http.server 7000, and open test1.html).This issue affects BSC (Binary Stream Capture) and usage of the ait-bsc server. This impacts AIT-Core versions before 3.1.1, from 2.x before 2.6.1. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.1.1 or 2.6.1.

A vulnerability exists in the Health & Safety (HS) application of NASA's Core Flight System (cFS). The flaw allows the application to crash via segmentation fault when processing a routine Housekeeping Telemetry request, leading to denial of service.

NASA openVSP 3.16.1 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string in the geometry name field. Attackers can trigger a denial of service by pasting a 5000-byte payload into the name input field within the Geom browser pod addition interface.

NASA Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) MODAPS v8.1 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability in the category parameter

F´ (F Prime) is a framework that enables development and deployment of spaceflight and other embedded software applications. Prior to version 4.2.0, the bounds check byteOffset + dataSize > fileSize uses U32 addition that wraps around on overflow. An attacker-crafted DataPacket with byteOffset=0xFFFFFF9C and dataSize=100 overflows to 0, bypassing the check entirely. The subsequent file write proceeds at the original ~4GB offset. Additionally, Svc/FileUplink/File.cpp:20-31 performs no sanitization on the destination file path. Combined, these allow writing arbitrary data to any file at any offset. The impact is arbitrary file write leading to remote code execution on embedded targets. Note that this is a logic bug. ASAN does not detect it because all memory accesses are within valid buffers — the corruption occurs in file I/O. Version 4.2.0 contains a patch. No known workarounds are available.

A vulnerability was identified in NASA cFS up to 7.0.0 on 32-bit. Affected is the function CFETBLValidateCodecLoadSize of the file cfe/modules/tbl/fsw/src/cfetblpassthrucodec.c. The manipulation leads to integer overflow. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. A fix is planned for the upcoming version milestone of the project.

A vulnerability was determined in NASA cFS up to 7.0.0. This impacts the function CFESBTransmitMsg of the file cfesbpriv.c of the component CCSDS Header Size Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to memory corruption. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

A vulnerability was found in NASA cFS up to 7.0.0. This affects the function CFEMSGGetSize of the file apps/tolab/fsw/src/tolabpassthruencode.c of the component CCSDS Packet Header Handler. Performing a manipulation results in heap-based buffer overflow. The attacker must have access to the local network to execute the attack. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

A vulnerability has been found in NASA cFS up to 7.0.0. The impacted element is the function pickle.load of the component Pickle Module. Such manipulation leads to deserialization. The attack needs to be performed locally. The attack requires a high level of complexity. The exploitability is regarded as difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. Prior to version 1.4.3, CryptoLib’s KMC crypto service integration is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow when decoding Base64-encoded ciphertext/cleartext fields returned by the KMC service. The decode destination buffer is sized using an expected output length (lendataout), but the Base64 decoder writes output based on the actual Base64 input length and does not enforce any destination size limit. An oversized Base64 string in the KMC JSON response can cause out-of-bounds writes on the heap, resulting in process crash and potentially code execution under certain conditions. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.3.

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. Prior to version 1.4.3, the converthexstringtobytearray() function in the MariaDB SA interface writes decoded bytes into a caller-provided buffer without any capacity check. When importing SA fields from the database (e.g., IV, ARSN, ABM), a malformed or oversized hex string in the database can overflow the destination buffer, corrupting adjacent heap memory. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.3.