A security flaw has been discovered in NASA cFS up to 7.0.1. The affected element is the function CFESBGetUserDataLength of the file src/cFS/cfe/modules/sb/fsw/src/cfesbutil.c of the component cFE Software Bus. Performing a manipulation of the argument TotalMsgSize/HdrSize results in integer underflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A vulnerability was identified in NASA cFS up to 7.0.1. Impacted is the function OSread of the file modules/protocol/tcp/fsw/src/sbntcpif.c of the component SBN TCP Module. Such manipulation of the argument MsgSz leads to buffer overflow. The attack must be carried out from within the local network. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A vulnerability was determined in NASA Trick 19.6.0. This issue affects the function JSONVariableServerThread::parserequest of the file tricksource/simservices/JSONVariableServer/JSONVariableServerThread.cpp of the component TCP Socket Handler. This manipulation causes stack-based buffer overflow. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

An OS command injection vulnerability in NASA HyperCP (main branch) allows a network-adjacent attacker who can intercept or spoof responses from oceandata.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov to execute arbitrary system commands on the researcher's workstation.

AMMOS Instrument Toolkit (AIT) GUI before 2.5.1 contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows any unauthenticated network attacker to obtain a valid session and issue arbitrary spacecraft commands by calling Sessions.create() without any credential check. Attackers can exploit the unauthenticated session issuance in Sessions.create() and subsequently invoke handlecmd() to forward arbitrary commands directly to the AIT command bus without any authentication gate between session creation and command dispatch.

AMMOS Instrument Toolkit (AIT) Deep Space Network (DSN) Interface before 2.2.2 contains a missing authentication vulnerability in the Space Link Extension (SLE) interface manager that allows unauthenticated network attackers to access seven unprotected API routes by sending direct HTTP requests with no credentials. Attackers can reach the exposed SLE endpoints to start or stop Deep Space Network communication sessions, retrieve telemetry frame data, and inject arbitrary frames into active spacecraft links.

A parser boundary flaw in the Software Bus Network (SBN) application's peer subscription message handling in NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via sending a crafted packet.

Incorrect access control in NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to arbitrarily remove low-index subscriptions and add new streams via sending TOLAB add/remove subscription commands.

An issue in the CFCFDPRecvMd() component of NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to contrl where received content and data is stored, possibly leading to an information disclosure.

An issue in the HSMonitorApplications() component of NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to force the processor to reset via supplying a crafted HS.AppMonTbl entry.

Incorrect access control in the DSSetDestPathCmd() component of NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to access sensitive components via a path traversal.

An issue in the CFDP receive path of NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via replaying final CFDP PDUs.

An issue in the SBN UDP interface of NASA cFS v7.0.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via transmitting a crafted SBN frame.

An incomplete fix for CVE-2026-15352 in the NASA core Flight System (cFS) Health and Safety (HS) application leaves a separate NULL pointer dereference reachable in versions through 7.0.1. An attacker who can trigger the affected command under specific conditions could cause the HS application to crash, resulting in a denial-of-service condition and processor reset.

A vulnerability has been found in NASA cFS up to 7.0.0. The impacted element is the function pickle.load of the component Pickle Module. Such manipulation leads to deserialization. The attack needs to be performed locally. The attack requires a high level of complexity. The exploitability is regarded as difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

A vulnerability was found in NASA cFS up to 7.0.0. This affects the function CFEMSGGetSize of the file apps/tolab/fsw/src/tolabpassthruencode.c of the component CCSDS Packet Header Handler. Performing a manipulation results in heap-based buffer overflow. The attacker must have access to the local network to execute the attack. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

A vulnerability was determined in NASA cFS up to 7.0.0. This impacts the function CFESBTransmitMsg of the file cfesbpriv.c of the component CCSDS Header Size Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to memory corruption. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

A vulnerability was identified in NASA cFS up to 7.0.0 on 32-bit. Affected is the function CFETBLValidateCodecLoadSize of the file cfe/modules/tbl/fsw/src/cfetblpassthrucodec.c. The manipulation leads to integer overflow. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. A fix is planned for the upcoming version milestone of the project.

NASA openVSP 3.16.1 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string in the geometry name field. Attackers can trigger a denial of service by pasting a 5000-byte payload into the name input field within the Geom browser pod addition interface.

A vulnerability exists in the Health & Safety (HS) application of NASA's Core Flight System (cFS). The flaw allows the application to crash via segmentation fault when processing a routine Housekeeping Telemetry request, leading to denial of service.

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. In versions 1.3.3 and prior, a Heap Overflow vulnerability occurs in the CryptoTMProcessSecurity function (cryptotm.c:1735:8). When processing the Secondary Header Length of a TM protocol packet, if the Secondary Header Length exceeds the packet's total length, a heap overflow is triggered during the memcpy operation that copies packet data into the dynamically allocated buffer pnewdecframe. This allows an attacker to overwrite adjacent heap memory, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or system instability. A patch is available at commit 810fd66d592c883125272fef123c3240db2f170f.

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. A memory leak vulnerability was identified in the cryptohandleincrementingnontransmittedcounter function of CryptoLib versions 1.3.3 and prior. This vulnerability can lead to resource exhaustion and degraded system performance over time, particularly in long-running processes or systems processing large volumes of data. The vulnerability is present in the cryptohandleincrementingnontransmittedcounter function within cryptotc.c. The function allocates memory using malloc without ensuring the allocated memory is always freed. This issue can lead to resource exhaustion, reduced system performance, and potentially a Denial of Service (DoS) in environments where CryptoLib is used in long-running processes or with large volumes of data. Any system using CryptoLib, especially those handling high-throughput or continuous data streams, could be impacted. As of time of publication, no known patched versions are available.

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. A critical heap buffer overflow vulnerability was identified in the CryptoAOSProcessSecurity function of CryptoLib versions 1.3.3 and prior. This vulnerability allows an attacker to trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) or potentially execute arbitrary code (RCE) by providing a maliciously crafted AOS frame with an insufficient length. The vulnerability lies in the function CryptoAOSProcessSecurity, specifically during the processing of the Frame Error Control Field (FECF). The affected code attempts to read from the pingest buffer at indices currentmanagedparametersstruct.maxframesize - 2 and currentmanagedparametersstruct.maxframesize - 1 without verifying if leningest is sufficiently large. This leads to a heap buffer overflow when leningest is smaller than maxframesize. As of time of publication, no known patched versions exist.

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. In versions 1.3.3 and prior, an unsigned integer underflow in the CryptoTCProcessSecurity function of CryptoLib leads to a heap buffer overflow. The vulnerability is triggered when the fl (frame length) field in a Telecommand (TC) packet is set to 0. This underflow causes the frame length to be interpreted as 65535, resulting in out-of-bounds memory access. This critical vulnerability can be exploited to cause a denial of service (DoS) or potentially achieve remote code execution. Users of CryptoLib are advised to apply the recommended patch or avoid processing untrusted TC packets until a fix is available.

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. A critical heap buffer overflow vulnerability was identified in the CryptoTCPrepAAD function of CryptoLib versions 1.3.3 and prior. This vulnerability allows an attacker to trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) or potentially execute arbitrary code (RCE) by providing a maliciously crafted telecommand (TC) frame that causes an unsigned integer underflow. The vulnerability lies in the function CryptoTCPrepAAD, specifically during the computation of tcmacstartindex. The affected code incorrectly calculates the MAC start index without ensuring it remains within the bounds of the ingest buffer. When tcmacstartindex underflows due to an incorrect length calculation, the function attempts to access an out-of-bounds memory location, leading to a segmentation fault. The vulnerability is still present in the repository as of commit d3cc420ace96d02a5b7e83d88cbd2e48010d5723.

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. In versions 1.3.3 and prior, a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in CryptoLib's CryptoTCApplySecurity() allows an attacker to craft a malicious TC frame that causes out-of-bounds memory writes. This can result in denial of service (DoS) or, under certain conditions, remote code execution (RCE). Any application or system that relies on CryptoLib for Telecommand (TC) processing and does not strictly validate incoming TC frames is at risk. This includes satellite ground stations or mission control software where attackers can inject malformed frames. A patch is available at commit c7e8a8745ff4b5e9bd7e500e91358e86d5abedcc.

NASA cFS (Core Flight System) Aquila is vulnerable to path traversal in the OSAL module, allowing the override of any arbitrary file on the system.

The Memory Management Module of NASA cFS (Core Flight System) Aquila has insecure permissions, which can be exploited to gain an RCE on the platform.

In NASA cFS (Core Flight System) Aquila, it is possible to put the onboard software in a state that will prevent the launch of any external application, causing a platform denial of service.

NASA cFS (Core Flight System) Aquila is vulnerable to segmentation fault via sending a malicious telecommand to the Memory Management Module.