Node.js could allow a remote attacker to traverse directories on the system. By monkey-patching Buffer internals, namely, Buffer.prototype.utf8Write, an attacker could send a specially crafted URL request containing "dot dot" sequences (/../) to read arbitrary files on the system.
Adobe Commerce and Magento Open Source contain an improper restriction of XML external entity reference (XXE) vulnerability that allows for remote code execution.
Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.4 has a signed integer overflow in XMLGetBuffer, for configurations with a nonzero XMLCONTEXTBYTES.
defineAttribute in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow.
buildmodel in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow.
Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system, caused by a use-after-free error in the PK11ImportCert() function when adding NSSCertificate structures. By persuading a victim to visit a specially-crafted Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability using unknown attack vectors to execute arbitrary code on the vulnerable system or cause a denial of service.
Apache ZooKeeper could allow a remote attacker to bypass security restrictions, caused by a flaw when using IPAuthenticationProvider. By spoofing client's IP address in request headers, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to bypass authentication.
dnsjava is vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by an error when using the ValidatingResolver for DNSSEC validation. By using specially crafted DNSSEC-signed zones, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to exhaust all available CPU resources.
An out-of-bounds write during Base64 decoding operation in the Network Security Services (NSS) library due to insufficient memory being allocated to the buffer. This results in a potentially exploitable crash.
External Reference:
https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/mfsa2017-10/#CVE-2017-5461
Acknowledgements:
Name: the Mozilla project Upstream: Ronald Crane
A flaw was found in the way CHACHA20-POLY1305 was implemented in NSS in versions before 3.55. When using multi-part Chacha20, it could cause out-of-bounds reads. This issue was fixed by explicitly disabling multi-part ChaCha20 (which was not functioning correctly) and strictly enforcing tag length. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to confidentiality and system availability.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the ASN.1 decoder in Mozilla Network Security Services (NSS) before 3.19.2.1 and 3.20.x before 3.20.1, as used in Firefox before 42.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via crafted OCTET STRING data.
Buffer overflow in pngpread.c in libpng before 1.2.44 and 1.4.x before 1.4.3, as used in progressive applications, might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a PNG image that triggers an additional data row.
Apache Xerces-C XML Parser library is vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by a NULL pointer dereference when processing external DTD paths. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause a denial of service.
An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in formidable v3.1.4 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted filename. NOTE: some third parties dispute this issue because the product has common use cases in which uploading arbitrary files is the desired behavior. Also, there are configuration options in all versions that can change the default behavior of how files are handled.